{"id":15031,"date":"2018-10-11T15:36:27","date_gmt":"2018-10-11T15:36:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/airforcetimes\/uncategorized\/2018\/10\/11\/guam-pushes-for-native-only-vote-on-us-relationship\/"},"modified":"2026-08-08T18:51:20","modified_gmt":"2026-08-08T18:51:20","slug":"guam-pushes-for-native-only-vote-on-us-relationship","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/airforcetimes\/home-hq\/va-loan-center\/2018\/10\/11\/guam-pushes-for-native-only-vote-on-us-relationship\/","title":{"rendered":"Guam pushes for native-only vote on US relationship"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

HONOLULU \u2014 The question before a panel of U.S. appeals court judges: Should non-native residents of Guam have a say in the territory\u2019s future relationship with the United States?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Three judges from the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals<\/a> were at the University of Hawaii\u2019s law school <\/a>Wednesday to listen to arguments in an appeal of a federal judge\u2019s 2017 ruling that says limiting the vote to those who are considered native inhabitants of the island is unconstitutional.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Voters would have three choices: independence, statehood and free association with the United States similar to island states that allow the U.S. exclusive military access to their land and waters while their citizens have the right to live and work in the U.S.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Arnold Davis, a white, non-Chamorro <\/a>resident of Guam, sued in 2011 after his application to participate in the vote was denied.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Last year’s ruling concluded that even though Guam has a long history of colonization and its people have a right to determine their political status with the United States, it’s unconstitutional to exclude voters simply because they “do not have the correct ancestry or bloodline.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The ruling cites a 2000 U.S. Supreme Court decision that allows non-Native Hawaiians to vote in elections for Office of Hawaiian Affairs<\/a> trustees.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Guam appealed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The vote would only be a “symbolic, but no less sacred, non-binding expression of a political opinion of a subset of Guam,” Julian Aguon, an attorney representing Guam, argued Wednesday.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Attorney Julian Aguon, left, meets with colleague Addie Rolnick after arguing before a panel of 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals judges in Honolulu on Wednesday. The question before the judges: Should non-native residents of Guam have a say in the territory’s future political relationship with the United States? (Jennifer Sinco Kelleher\/AP)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The vote would have ramifications for all who live on the island, said Davis’ attorney, Lucas Townsend. \u201cThis is a taxpayer-funded, government-sponsored vote involving the territory\u2019s election machinery,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Guam plans to submit results to the president of the United States, Congress and the United Nations, Townsend said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Voters wouldn’t be limited based on their race, but would include only those who were granted U.S. citizenship through the 1950 Guam Organic Act and their descendants, Aguon said. Court documents in the case cite 1950 census data showing that the vast majority of the non-citizens on Guam at the time were Chamorro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

About one-third of the U.S. territory’s 160,000 people identify as Chamorro, the indigenous group that is believed to have migrated to Guam from Indonesia and the Philippines an estimated 3,500 to 4,000 years ago. The U.S. took control of Guam in 1898 after the Spanish-American War.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Navy<\/a> ruled the island until Japan took control in 1941. The U.S. installed civilian leadership and granted citizenship to Guam residents in 1950.<\/p>\n\n\n\t