{"id":25060,"date":"2018-09-13T00:55:40","date_gmt":"2018-09-13T00:55:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/airforcetimes\/uncategorized\/2018\/09\/13\/air-force-chief-lays-out-future-fight-against-peer-level-adversaries\/"},"modified":"2026-08-07T20:42:10","modified_gmt":"2026-08-07T20:42:10","slug":"air-force-chief-lays-out-future-fight-against-peer-level-adversaries","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/airforcetimes\/news\/your-air-force\/2018\/09\/13\/air-force-chief-lays-out-future-fight-against-peer-level-adversaries\/","title":{"rendered":"Air Force chief lays out future fight against peer-level adversaries"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cOne, if by land, and two, if by sea.\u201d The phrase made famous by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow\u2019s poem \u201cPaul Revere\u2019s Ride,\u201d chronicles the lantern-based signal Revere used to inform patriots which route British troops were taking prior to the battles of Lexington and Concord in the first days of the American Revolutionary War.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">More than 200 years later, that intelligence and alert system is being flipped by the Air Force\u2019s senior officer as a lesson in overwhelming one\u2019s opponents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cAs the British were marching from Boston, they had one of two avenues of approach: They could go by land, or they could cross the river,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.airforcetimes.com\/news\/your-air-force\/2018\/03\/30\/goldfein-rebuilding-end-strength-key-to-fixing-air-force-morale-troubles\/\" target=\"_blank\">Air Force Chief of Staff<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.airforcetimes.com\/news\/your-air-force\/2018\/08\/23\/ned-stark-whose-leadership-op-eds-created-a-stir-is-considering-chief-of-staffs-job-offer\/\" target=\"_blank\">Gen. Dave Goldfein<\/a> said. \u201cBut what if the British could split their forces and come from both land and sea? Would [the colonists] have had to split their forces? Would they have had to cede one path?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">And what if the assaulting force could throw even more attack vectors into the equation?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cOne, if by land, two, if by sea, three, if by air, four, if by space, five, if by cyber. &#8230; How many lanterns does our adversary have to purchase if we can use all the domains we have dominance in to bring capabilities together in ways they could never counter?&#8221; Goldfein asked.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">That\u2019s why Goldfein is pushing multi-domain command and control operations so hard.<\/p>\n\n\n\t<aside class=\"smg-interstitial-link wp-block-smg-interstitial-link\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/airforcetimes\/news\/your-air-force\/2018\/07\/31\/air-force-revamps-squadrons-as-it-prepares-for-the-next-big-fight\/\" class=\"smg-interstitial-link__inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"smg-interstitial-link__media\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"158\" src=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Air-Squadrons1.jpg.jpg?w=300\" class=\"smg-interstitial-link__image wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"smg-interstitial-link__content\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"smg-interstitial-link__kicker\">Related<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"smg-interstitial-link__title\">Air Force revamps squadrons as it prepares for the next big fight<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"smg-interstitial-link__excerpt\">Chief of Staff Gen. Dave Goldfein, Air Force Secretary Heather Wilson and Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force Kaleth Wright signed a June 1 memo that lists 14 proposals comprising the long-awaited Squadron Revitalization Implementation Plan.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/aside>\n\t\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cTying the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.airforcetimes.com\/news\/your-air-force\/2018\/07\/20\/homeland-defense-missions-organizational-issues-kneecap-f-22s-potential-gao-says\/\" target=\"_blank\">F-22<\/a>, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.airforcetimes.com\/news\/your-air-force\/2018\/07\/30\/boeings-new-f-15x-may-replace-an-aging-fleet-of-f-15cd-eagles\/\" target=\"_blank\">F-35<\/a> and other era component assets together is interesting,\u201d Goldfein said. \u201cFar more compelling to me, though, is tying the F-35, the Aegis [naval weapons system] on a cruiser and a small special operations element on the ground with a low-orbiting satellite constellation.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An early example of this capability combination was 1991\u2032s Operation Desert Storm, according to Brig. Gen. Chance Saltzman, chief of current operations for Headquarters Air Force.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">During the First Gulf War, the United States and its coalition allies overwhelmed the Iraqi Army and drove a cease-fire within 100 hours of ground combat commencing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cNow imagine having the extra domains of space and cyber and how that adds to the problems an adversary has to figure out how deal with,\u201d Saltzman said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1138\" height=\"747\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Capture4.JPG_445758.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-50839\" srcset=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Capture4.JPG_445758.jpg 1138w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Capture4.JPG_445758.jpg?resize=300,197 300w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Capture4.JPG_445758.jpg?resize=768,504 768w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Capture4.JPG_445758.jpg?resize=1024,672 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1138px) 100vw, 1138px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">U.S. airmen with the 67th Special Operation Squadron execute a training mission over the southern U.K.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">And if you\u2019re able to build that capability, you\u2019ve also devised what Goldfein calls \u201c21st century deterrence.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The deterrence concept is traditionally used within the context of nuclear weapons. However, with two new warfighting domains now part of the global commons \u2014 space and cyber \u2014 the options to deter other nation-states are growing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Multi-domain operations could potentially produce so many dilemmas for an adversary that they are completely overwhelmed, changing their cost-benefit calculation when weighing options.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cIf they believe [the danger], it will cause them to change their behavior, which is really what deterrence is all about,\u201d Goldfein said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"793\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/NorwayF-35.jpg.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-50842\" srcset=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/NorwayF-35.jpg.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/NorwayF-35.jpg.jpg?resize=300,198 300w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/NorwayF-35.jpg.jpg?resize=768,508 768w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/NorwayF-35.jpg.jpg?resize=1024,677 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A Norwegian F-35 taxis in after landing on the runway June 29, 2017, at Luke Air Force Base, Ariz. This marks the seventh Norwegian F-35 to arrive at Luke. (Photo by Airman 1st Class Alexander Cook\/U.S. Air Force)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When asked whether adding multi-domain operations to the framework of deterrence could increase tensions \u2014 either because an opponent is unsure of U.S. capabilities or doesn\u2019t view the threats as credible \u2014 Goldfein explained that such a determination would be up to the president.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cMy job to present options to the commander in chief that are credible [and] executable,\u201d he said. \u201cI don\u2019t have the luxury of wishing away war we don\u2019t want. We\u2019ve always got to be ready to execute.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Air Force is taking a step in October to test this new framework of operations as part of the \u201cDoolittle Wargames&#8221; at Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama. There, planners will focus on command and control and how to bring together a network of capabilities to execute hypothetical multi-domain operations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"628\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/3581779.jpg.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-50844\" srcset=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/3581779.jpg.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/3581779.jpg.jpg?resize=300,157 300w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/3581779.jpg.jpg?resize=768,402 768w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/3581779.jpg.jpg?resize=1024,536 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Romanian joint terminal attack control soldiers coordinate fixed wing and rotor wing assets for a river crossing exercise rehersal during Saber Guardian 17 over the Danube River, Bordusani, Romania, July 15, 2017. Saber Guardian is a U.S. Army Europe-led multinational exercise that spans across Bulgaria, Hungary and Romania with more than 25,000 service members from 22 allied and partner nations. (U.S. Army photo by Staff Sgt. Timothy Villareal\/Released)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Still, the U.S. military isn\u2019t quite at the point of the multi-domain command and control capabilities Goldfein ultimately envisions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The biggest gap he sees is a set of common architecture standards that the Pentagon can hand to defense industry partners so that everything they build can connect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cIn the old day\u2019s of attrition warfare, the discussion we would have with industry was, \u2018What can you build, how many can you build and how much is it going to cost me?\u2019\u201d Goldfein said. \u201cThe conversation I\u2019m having with the industry now is, &#8216;Does it connect into common architecture, does it share information across the network, not only with U.S. [forces] but also allies and partners? And then does it use elements of artificial intelligence so that I can get airmen, soldiers, sailors and Marines doing only what they should do?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Legacy aircraft and other military assets aren\u2019t going away anytime soon. The trick, he said, is figuring out a way to link them up only when you need them, while having multiple pathways set up for when some are inevitably taken away by the enemy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cWhy do I have 400 missiles buried in bunkers up in the northern tier? Because it\u2019s so cost-imposing on the enemy that there\u2019s no way they could actually ever take them out,\u201d Goldfein said. \u201cNow, how do I build my network so that I\u2019ve got so many different ways of getting information transferred that it\u2019s cost-imposing on the adversary to take it out?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"666\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/kestrel-eye.jpg.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-32051\" srcset=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/kestrel-eye.jpg.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/kestrel-eye.jpg.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/kestrel-eye.jpg.jpg?resize=768,511 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Kestrel Eye is a small, low-cost, visible-imagery satellite prototype designed to provide near-real-time images to the tactical-level ground Soldier. Kestrel Eye was launched to the International Space Station (ISS) as a payload aboard the SpaceX Falcon 9 from Kennedy Space Center in Florida on Aug. 14, 2017 (Photo courtesy of SMDTC).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One example of where this is heading is an Internet framework based off thousands of small broadband satellites orbiting the Earth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It used to be only nation-states could launch satellites, but as launches became cheaper and payloads lighter, private industry stepped up. There are a few companies \u2014 to include SpaceX and OneWeb \u2014 working to build an Internet from space.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cTo me, that\u2019s [multiple] independent pathways I can use,\u201d Goldfein said. \u201cThey\u2019re putting billions of dollars into securing their capability. We can take full advantage of that.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Many of these initiatives are being pioneered by private industry, and will \u201crequire changes to industry culture, investment sources and protection across the National Security Innovation Base,\u201d according to the Pentagon\u2019s 2018 <a href=\"https:\/\/dod.defense.gov\/Portals\/1\/Documents\/pubs\/2018-National-Defense-Strategy-Summary.pdf\" target=_blank>National Defense Strategy<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\t<aside class=\"smg-interstitial-link wp-block-smg-interstitial-link\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/airforcetimes\/news\/2018\/07\/17\/the-air-force-needs-more-special-ops-airmen-this-is-how-it-plans-to-get-them\/\" class=\"smg-interstitial-link__inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"smg-interstitial-link__media\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"164\" src=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/AIR-spec-ops-recruiting.JPG.jpg?w=300\" class=\"smg-interstitial-link__image wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"smg-interstitial-link__content\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"smg-interstitial-link__kicker\">Related<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"smg-interstitial-link__title\">The Air Force needs more special ops airmen. This is how it plans to get them.<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"smg-interstitial-link__excerpt\">A new recruiting squadron will focus on sourcing candidates for Air Force special operations career fields.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/aside>\n\t\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The closest peer-level adversaries to the United States are China and Russia. Goldfein said the impression of those countries&#8217; military technologies as a knock-off or reverse-engineered version of American innovation is still accurate. But both Russia and China are working to close that gap.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cWe know that they\u2019ve been studying us, right? They know the way we fight, and they\u2019re looking at how to take away our asymmetric advantages,&#8221; Goldfein said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">That\u2019s where protecting the U.S. industrial base comes in, as well as developing multiple vectors of approach for warfighting. This dials into another big push to change Air Force culture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The service is working to cultivate leadership that understands command and control, as well as promote innovation in its ranks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Recently, Goldfein pushed money out to squadron and wing-level commanders to help them tackle readiness challenges.<\/p>\n\n\n\t<aside class=\"smg-interstitial-link wp-block-smg-interstitial-link\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/militarytimes\/news\/your-military\/2018\/07\/19\/ever-heard-of-deep-fake-technology-the-phony-audio-and-video-tech-could-be-used-to-blackmail-us-troops\/\" class=\"smg-interstitial-link__inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"smg-interstitial-link__media\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"157\" src=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Estonian_SoF.JPG.jpg?w=300\" class=\"smg-interstitial-link__image wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"smg-interstitial-link__content\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"smg-interstitial-link__kicker\">Related<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"smg-interstitial-link__title\">Ever heard of \u2018deep fake\u2019 technology? The phony audio and video tech could be used to blackmail US troops<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"smg-interstitial-link__excerpt\">The ability to distort the truth is expected to reach new heights with the development of so-called \u201cdeep fake&quot; technology: manufactured audio recordings and video footage that could fool even digital forensic experts.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/aside>\n\t\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cI\u2019m hearing stories of new mission planning capabilities, folks that are on the West Coast actually partnering with Silicon Valley and using money to go after and buy things that they need,&#8221; he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One example he heard from squadron commanders recently was their purchase of 3-D printers to repair and replace simple plastic parts in aircraft on the flight line, such as wiring harnesses, grommets, fasteners, housing boxes and cable splitters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Innovation among airmen, and their ability to operate and function autonomously, ultimately feeds back into the multi-domain concept, creating the culture needed to give squadron commanders the authority to make decisions in the heat of combat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cI\u2019m hoping that some of these initiatives that we put into place will hit a tipping point and then they will accelerate because they are no longer part of any kind of initiative,\u201d Goldfein said. \u201cThey\u2019re just part of the fabric of the Air Force &#8230; and there\u2019s trust in the system to let [airmen] run.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>If the U.S. can use all domains \u2014 land, sea, air, space and cyberspace \u2014 to bring capabilities together in ways an enemy could never counter, then it will have achieved &#8220;21st century deterrence,&#8221; says Gen. Dave Goldfein.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":29211,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-nofollow":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_acf":"","_yoast_wpseo_primary_category":67,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","_smg_distribution_targets":{"2":{"categories":["your-military","news","middle-column","home"],"primary_category":"your-military"}}},"categories":[101,24,89,16,26,67],"tags":[],"coauthors":[3277],"class_list":["post-25060","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-daily-news-roundup","category-home","category-middle-column","category-news","category-newsletters","category-your-air-force"],"acf":{"subheadline":"","legacy_arc_id":"XQ5CRG3JE5BKROBJPPCXCALKWQ","arc_canonical_url":"\/news\/your-air-force\/2018\/09\/13\/air-force-chief-lays-out-future-fight-against-peer-level-adversaries\/","remove_feature_photo":false,"is_sponsored":false,"subtype":"","redirect_url":"","disable_inline_ads":false,"native_logo_pretext":"Presented By:"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v28.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Air Force chief lays out future fight against peer-level adversaries - Air Force TImes<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"If the U.S. can use all domains \u2014 land, sea, air, space and cyberspace \u2014 to bring capabilities together in ways an enemy could never counter, then it will have achieved &quot;21st century deterrence,&quot; says Gen. 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