{"id":15003,"date":"2019-03-14T21:20:46","date_gmt":"2019-03-14T21:20:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/c4isrnet\/uncategorized\/2019\/03\/14\/more-success-means-less-boundaries-in-cyberspace\/"},"modified":"2026-08-08T17:53:36","modified_gmt":"2026-08-08T17:53:36","slug":"more-success-means-less-boundaries-in-cyberspace","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/c4isrnet\/home\/2019\/03\/14\/more-success-means-less-boundaries-in-cyberspace\/","title":{"rendered":"More success means less boundaries in cyberspace"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In order for the Department of Defense\u2019s recently outlined cyber strategy to be successful, cyberwarriors must act outside U.S. networks, according to top DoD officials.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Over the past year, DoD and U.S. Cyber Command have frequently railed on the new approach to cyberspace termed persistent engagement and defending forward. The first part is best understood as constantly operating in cyberspace, while the latter can be defined as disrupting adversary actions as far from U.S. networks as possible.<\/p>\n\n\n\t<aside class=\"smg-interstitial-link wp-block-smg-interstitial-link\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/c4isrnet\/it-networks\/2019\/03\/01\/should-the-pentagon-help-protect-private-networks\/\" class=\"smg-interstitial-link__inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"smg-interstitial-link__media\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"157\" src=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/GettyImages-918219856.jpg.jpg?w=300\" class=\"smg-interstitial-link__image wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"smg-interstitial-link__content\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"smg-interstitial-link__kicker\">Related<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"smg-interstitial-link__title\">Should the Pentagon help protect private networks?<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"smg-interstitial-link__excerpt\">The Pentagon has worked to clarify its role in protecting non-government entities from threats.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/aside>\n\t\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This defending forward posture \u201cis critical to increasing military readiness. We cannot be fully prepared to take effective action in a potential conflict unless we have already developed the tools, accesses and experience through our actions day to day,\u201d Kenneth Rapuano, assistant secretary of defense for Homeland Defense and Global Security and principal cyber adviser, said during a March 13 House Armed Services Subcommittee hearing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Persistent engagement has two foundational elements, Cyber Command chief Gen. Paul Nakasone told the committee.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">First is enabling. By constantly engaging actors in cyberspace on a day-to-day basis, the command will be able to provide U.S. agencies and foreign partners with things such as indicators of compromise, meaning where flashpoints in networks might be. <\/p>\n\n\n\t<aside class=\"smg-interstitial-link wp-block-smg-interstitial-link\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/c4isrnet\/home\/2018\/11\/19\/heres-how-cyber-commands-defend-forward-strategy-protects-the-nation-in-cyberspace\/\" class=\"smg-interstitial-link__inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"smg-interstitial-link__content\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"smg-interstitial-link__kicker\">Related<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"smg-interstitial-link__title\">Here\u2019s how Cyber Command\u2019s \u2018defend forward\u2019 strategy protects the nation in cyberspace<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"smg-interstitial-link__excerpt\">Cyber Command is using its unique capabilities to provide important insights to civilian agencies and the private sector.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/aside>\n\t\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One critical example was when, in the midterm election, Cyber Command, in partnership with the National Security Agency, provided insight into potential vulnerabilities to the FBI and the Department of Homeland Security.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Second is acting. Acting, Nakasone said, includes everything from understanding what adversaries are doing within their networks, providing early warning, and ensuring the United States understands the malware, infrastructure and other capabilities that an adversary might be using for an operation against America.<\/p>\n\n\n\t<aside class=\"smg-interstitial-link wp-block-smg-interstitial-link\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/c4isrnet\/it-networks\/2019\/02\/14\/how-cyber-commands-plan-to-frustrate-hackers-is-working\/\" class=\"smg-interstitial-link__inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"smg-interstitial-link__media\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/GettyImages-960773430.jpg.jpg?w=300\" class=\"smg-interstitial-link__image wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"smg-interstitial-link__content\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"smg-interstitial-link__kicker\">Related<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"smg-interstitial-link__title\">How Cyber Command\u2019s plan to \u2018frustrate\u2019 hackers is working<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"smg-interstitial-link__excerpt\">Cyber Command is now taking the fight to adversaries in cyberspace.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/aside>\n\t\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nakasone also said that acting means sending teams forward. In November, during the midterm election cycle, Cyber Command for the first time sent defensive teams forward to three different European countries, he explained.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cThat\u2019s acting outside of our borders that impose costs against our adversaries,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><b>Escalation?<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Some inside and outside government have been worried this more active posture in cyberspace might provoke retaliation from adversaries and lead to unnecessary escalation of conflict.<\/p>\n\n\n\t<aside class=\"smg-interstitial-link wp-block-smg-interstitial-link\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/c4isrnet\/cyber\/2018\/11\/26\/why-cyberspace-demands-an-always-on-approach\/\" class=\"smg-interstitial-link__inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"smg-interstitial-link__media\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"157\" src=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/4259933.jpg.jpg?w=300\" class=\"smg-interstitial-link__image wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"smg-interstitial-link__content\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"smg-interstitial-link__kicker\">Related<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"smg-interstitial-link__title\">Why cyberspace demands an always-on approach<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"smg-interstitial-link__excerpt\">Cyber Command has said that the constant threat from adversaries will require persistent engagement below the threshold of conflict.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/aside>\n\t\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cFrom a policy perspective and with respect to escalation dynamics, have we thought about potentially when and if this more forward and persistent posture could be interpreted as escalatory in nature by our adversaries and perhaps preemptively trigger escalation or retribution,\u201d subcommittee ranking member Elise Stefanik, R-New York, asked Rapuano.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rapuano acknowledged that escalation is always a concern with military operations. However, he noted that while each individual adversarial cyber action taken over the years has not amounted to a level necessary to respond with direct military action, in their totality, they have a strategic cumulative effect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cIf we ignore them, they will continue them and they will undermine our security in a strategic way,\u201d he said, making the case for increased U.S. action in cyberspace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rapuano outlined a deliberate process for which operations are undertaken under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fifthdomain.com\/dod\/cybercom\/2018\/11\/27\/defense-officials-taking-advantage-of-new-cyber-authorities\/\" target=\"_blank\">new presidential<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fifthdomain.com\/dod\/2018\/09\/28\/its-a-new-era-for-cyber-operations-but-questions-remain\/\" target=\"_blank\">congressional authorities<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The current process is very risk based in terms of informing the risk benefit assessment associated with how DoD targets malevolent activities and how it achieves access, he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">First, there is a presidential determination for certain types of operations. Then there is a coordination process for engaging the development of the operation\u2019s concepts with agencies that will have equities involved. Finally, there is a deconfliction execution process to work out the varying equities that exist to include potential unintended escalation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cWe do have a very thoughtful process, but also a process designed to operate with the speed of relevance,\u201d Rapuano said.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Department of Defense is being open about its belief that a digital advantage requires operating outside U.S. networks on a daily basis.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":31919,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-nofollow":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_acf":"","_yoast_wpseo_primary_category":0,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","_smg_distribution_targets":[]},"categories":[106,29,32],"tags":[],"coauthors":[3268],"class_list":["post-15003","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-daily-brief","category-home","category-newsletters"],"acf":{"subheadline":"","legacy_arc_id":"VZZUG7MUXNC6JECJSYW3KI74R4","arc_canonical_url":"\/dod\/cybercom\/2019\/03\/14\/more-success-means-less-boundaries-in-cyberspace\/","remove_feature_photo":false,"is_sponsored":false,"subtype":"","redirect_url":"","disable_inline_ads":false,"native_logo_pretext":"Presented By:"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v28.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>More success means less boundaries in cyberspace - C4ISRNet<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Department of Defense is being open about its belief that a digital advantage requires operating outside U.S. networks on a daily basis.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"More success means less boundaries in cyberspace\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Department of Defense is being open about its belief that a digital advantage requires operating outside U.S. networks on a daily basis.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" 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