{"id":19816,"date":"2019-09-26T17:34:38","date_gmt":"2019-09-26T17:34:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/c4isrnet\/uncategorized\/2019\/09\/26\/tomorrow-wars-volume-1-issue-7-a-drone-by-any-other-name\/"},"modified":"2026-08-08T17:59:33","modified_gmt":"2026-08-08T17:59:33","slug":"tomorrow-wars-volume-1-issue-7-a-drone-by-any-other-name","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/c4isrnet\/artificial-intelligence\/tomorrow-wars\/2019\/09\/26\/tomorrow-wars-volume-1-issue-7-a-drone-by-any-other-name\/","title":{"rendered":"Tomorrow Wars Volume 1 Issue 7: A Drone By Any Other Name"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n   <div class=\"layout one-col fixed-width\" style=\"Margin: 0 auto;max-width: 600px;min-width: 320px; width: 320px;width: calc(28000% - 167400px);overflow-wrap: break-word;word-wrap: break-word;word-break: break-word;\">\n        <div class=\"layout__inner\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;display: table;width: 100%;background-color: #ffffff;\" emb-background-style>\n        <!--[if (mso)|(IE)]><table align=\"center\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" role=\"presentation\"><tr class=\"layout-fixed-width\" emb-background-style><td style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"w560\"><![endif]-->\n          <div class=\"column\" style=\"text-align: left;color: #464646;font-size: 14px;line-height: 21px;font-family: Source Sans Pro,Apple SD Gothic Neo,PT Sans,Trebuchet MS,sans-serif;max-width: 600px;min-width: 320px; width: 320px;width: calc(28000% - 167400px);\">\n              \n        \n        <div style=\"font-size: 12px;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;line-height: 19px;\" align=\"center\">\n            \n          <img decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: 0;display: block;height: auto;width: 100%;max-width: 600px;\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/media.sailthru.com\/5ap\/1k3\/6\/c\/5d008aff78c8c.png\" \/>\n        <\/div>\n      \n      \n            \n      <\/div>\n                \n    <\/div>\n        \n              \n              \n        <!---------------------------ONLY EDIT BELOW THIS POINT --------------------------------------->\n        \n              <!------ HYPERLINK NOTE:\n\n            If you delete a hyperlink, be sure to add this styling back to a new hyperlink:\n\n            style=\"text-decoration: underline;color: #464646; font-weight:bold;\"\n            \n                ------>\n\n              \n              \n      \n            <div style=\"Margin-left: 20px;Margin-right: 20px;Margin-top: 20px;\">\n      <div style=\"mso-line-height-rule: exactly;line-height: 15px;font-size: 1px;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n        \n              \n              \n              \n<!---------------------------START INTRO --------------------------------------->\n\n              \n            <div style=\"Margin-left: 20px;Margin-right: 20px;\">\n      <div style=\"mso-line-height-rule: exactly;mso-text-raise: 4px;\">\n        <h1 style=\"Margin-top: 0;Margin-bottom: 20px;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;color: #000;font-size: 26px;line-height: 34px;font-family: Roboto Condensed,Arial Narrow,Avenir Next Condensed,Roboto,sans-serif;text-align: left;\">\n            \n            <!--Note for Kelsey: Replace the header here, between the \"strong\" tags-->\n            <strong>  17\u00b036&#8217;56.8&#8243;N 44\u00b025&#8217;16.5&#8243;E  <\/strong><\/h1>\n          \n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n        \n            <div style=\"Margin-left: 20px;Margin-right: 20px;\">\n      <div style=\"mso-line-height-rule: exactly;mso-text-raise: 4px;\">\n        <p style=\"Margin-top: 0;Margin-bottom: 0;\">\n            \n            <!--Note for Kelsey: This is where you would type your intro paragraph-->\n            I subscribe to an expansive definition of \u201cdrone.\u201d The term, derived from radio-controlled uncrewed planes and aerial targets, has had a long and durable path from military curiosity to modern life. It covers everything that takes off and lands without people on board. That\u2019s the distinguishing feature, the lack of humans physically in the vehicle.\n\n\n\n          \n          <\/p>\n          <p>We could have arrived at a point where the popular press and professional circles alike called modern drones, or at least all modern military drones, unmanned aerial vehicles. Any possibility of the world adopting UAV as a standard term was lost when, for various reasons, different groups decided to emphasize the broader tools around the vehicle with Unmanned Aerial System, say, or the active role of a human operator in Remotely Piloted Aircraft. The proliferation of terminology that means roughly the same thing, but with a slightly different emphasis, gets lost and everything from a hobbyist quadcopter to a Global Hawk gets grouped into the same big family.\n        <\/p>\n        <p>I mention this now because we are approaching an inflection point where \u201cdrone,\u201d for all its expansive power, is suddenly inadequate to explain a variety of machines in the wild.<\/p>\n\n\n          <p style=\"Margin-top: 20px;Margin-bottom: 20px;\">\n              \n              <!--Note for Kelsey: Just change the location you are reporting from-->\n         I\u2019m <a style=\"text-decoration: underline;transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in;color: #464646;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.c4isrnet.com\/author\/kelsey-atherton\/\"><strong>Kelsey D. Atherton<\/strong><\/a>, reporting from Albuquerque, New Mexico, and for this seventh installment of Tomorrow Wars, I want to talk about the semantics of loitering munitions.\n\n          \n          <\/p>\n        <p>As longtime Tomorrow Wars readers (Tomorrow Warfighters? Tomorrow Warthogs? Email me your suggestions at katherton@c4isrnet.com) will remember, the second installment of this newsletter spent a lot of time on the <a style=\"text-decoration: underline;transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in;color: #464646;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.c4isrnet.com\/artificial-intelligence\/tomorrow-wars\/2019\/07\/16\/tomorrow-wars-vol-1-issue-2-back-to-the-past-of-the-future\/\"><strong>Kettering Bug<\/strong><\/a> and its legacy as progenitor of drones, cruise missiles, and loitering munitions.<\/p>\n         \n        <p>What brings this to the forefront today is the Sept.14 attack on a refinery and oil field in Saudi Arabia. While the weapons used will likely ultimately be revealed, what is fascinating about the attack is that the possibility really stretches across the full range of drone, loitering munition, and cruise missile. We know, by the success of the attacks, that whatever flying machine made them was able to <a style=\"text-decoration: underline;transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in;color: #464646;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.c4isrnet.com\/unmanned\/2019\/09\/17\/saudi-arabia-cannot-spend-its-way-out-of-asymmetry\/\"><strong>maneuver around<\/strong><\/a> the limited radar arcs of the missile defense systems in place. Cruise missiles can be set to plot paths that way as can loitering munitions or drones navigating by waypoints. Unlike the arc trajectories of ballistic missiles, drones, loitering munitions, and cruise missiles all have rather flat trajectories, before either diving into the top of or making a side impact with the target.<\/p>\n        \n        <p>It is working backward from an attack that the difference matters least, and it is in preparing against the next attack that it matters most. If the drones are remotely directed, then jammers and electronic warfare are viable answers. If the machines have internal navigation systems without external inputs, interception is really the only way to go. And if the kind of machine is sometimes a scout and sometimes dives into an attack, well, that\u2019s a whole mess of a threat in a single package that likely has to be countered as though it is simultaneously a drone and a missile.<\/p>\n      \n        <p>Until a semantic distinction arises, people looking to explain the distinction could do worse than a functional definition, provided by twitter user <a style=\"text-decoration: underline;transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in;color: #464646;\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/gthau\/status\/1173363035039076352\">@gthau<\/strong><\/a>: \u201cIf it turns around and returns to your base and everyone is fine with that, then it&#8217;s a drone. If a cruise missile does a [Return To Home], you&#8217;ll know it by the screaming of the radio.\u201d<\/p>\n      \n<\/p>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n        \n              \n<!---------------------------END INTRO --------------------------------------->\n\n        \n              \n              \n              \n              \n<!---------------------------START PARAGRAPH 1 ------------------------------->\n\n              \n              \n            <div style=\"Margin-left: 20px;Margin-right: 20px;\">\n      <div style=\"mso-line-height-rule: exactly;mso-text-raise: 4px;\">\n        <h1 style=\"Margin-top: 0;Margin-bottom: 20px;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;color: #000;font-size: 26px;line-height: 34px;font-family: Roboto Condensed,Arial Narrow,Avenir Next Condensed,Roboto,sans-serif;\">\n        \n            <!--Note for Kelsey: This is where your first header will go, between the \"strong\" tags-->    \n            <strong>&#176; 1. ICED OUT<\/strong>\n          \n          <\/h1>\n          \n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n        \n              \n              \n              \n              \n            <div style=\"Margin-left: 20px;Margin-right: 20px;\">\n      <div style=\"mso-line-height-rule: exactly;mso-text-raise: 4px;\">\n          \n        <p style=\"Margin-top: 0;Margin-bottom: 20px;\">\n            \n            <!--Note for Kelsey: This is the paragraph that goes with your first header-->\n            The last installment of <a style=\"text-decoration: underline;transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in;color: #464646;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.c4isrnet.com\/artificial-intelligence\/tomorrow-wars\/2019\/09\/12\/tomorrow-wars-volume-1-issue-6-labor-force\/\"><strong>Tomorrow Wars<\/strong><\/a> was about labor power, and the struggle the Pentagon is having selling its mission to Silicon Valley workers skeptical of designing weapons. There is a parallel, linked struggle happening with technology workers and internal security forces, and straddling that space in the tech community reaction to Palantir.\n\n          \n          <\/p>\n    <p>On Sept. 16, 1,200 students representing 17 campuses, including Yale, Stanford, the University of Utah, and 14 others, published a letter pledging they will not work at Palantir because of its deals with Immigration and Customs Enforcement, specifically in light of contracts facilitating ICE\u2019s <a style=\"text-decoration: underline;transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in;color: #464646;\" href=\"https:\/\/notechforice.com\/20190916-2\/\"><strong>harsh crackdown on immigrants<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n    <p>The publication of this letter followed an announcement that AnitaB.org, a nonprofit aimed at recruiting, retaining, and advancing women in technology, had removed Palantir as a cosponsor of its Grace Hopper Celebration because of Palantir\u2019s work with ICE. Palantir published an <a style=\"text-decoration: underline;transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in;color: #464646;\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/palantir\/an-open-letter-to-anitab-org-833cfcc9b180\"><strong>open letter<\/strong><\/a> in response, framing its work with ICE as one of many \u201ccritical yet complex problems\u201d that workers could tackle from inside the company instead. It is a response that, at best, misses the substance of the critique.<\/p>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n        \n<!---------------------------END PARAGRAPH 1 ------------------------------->\n\n              \n        \n              \n              \n              \n              \n<!---------------------------START PARAGRAPH 2 ------------------------------->\n\n              \n              \n            <div style=\"Margin-left: 20px;Margin-right: 20px;\">\n      <div style=\"mso-line-height-rule: exactly;mso-text-raise: 4px;\">\n        <h1 style=\"Margin-top: 0;Margin-bottom: 20px;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;color: #000;font-size: 26px;line-height: 34px;font-family: Roboto Condensed,Arial Narrow,Avenir Next Condensed,Roboto,sans-serif;\">\n            \n            <!--Note for Kelsey: This is where your second header will go, between the \"strong\" tags-->    \n            <strong>&#176; 2. FOUR ROTOR FORERUNNERS<\/strong>\n          \n          <\/h1>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n        \n              \n              \n              \n            <div style=\"Margin-left: 20px;Margin-right: 20px;\">\n      <div style=\"mso-line-height-rule: exactly;mso-text-raise: 4px;\">\n          \n        <p style=\"Margin-top: 0;Margin-bottom: 20px;\">\n            \n            <!--Note for Kelsey: This is the copy that goes with your second header-->    \n            The Pentagon would like a quadcopter that is cheap, useful, made with parts sourced through the United States, and meets greater cybersecurity requirements than commercial-off-the-shelf technology. No such quadcopter exists, yet, though the new Trusted Capital Marketplace seems dead-set on kickstarting a military grade quadcopter into existence that is only a few times more expensive than commercial models. I took a <a style=\"text-decoration: underline;transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in;color: #464646;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.c4isrnet.com\/unmanned\/2019\/09\/17\/can-the-army-secure-an-american-made-quadcopter\/\"><strong>deep dive<\/strong><\/a> in the Army\u2019s quest for its next quadcopter, what the quadcopter market is already like, and how China\u2019s DJI stumbled into military use, despite never being intended as a military tool.\n\n<\/p>\n          \n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n        \n              \n<!---------------------------END PARAGRAPH 2 ------------------------------->\n              \n              \n              \n              \n              \n\n              \n              \n<!---------------------------START PARAGRAPH 3 ------------------------------->\n\n              \n            <div style=\"Margin-left: 20px;Margin-right: 20px;\">\n      <div style=\"mso-line-height-rule: exactly;mso-text-raise: 4px;\">\n        <h1 style=\"Margin-top: 0;Margin-bottom: 20px;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;color: #000;font-size: 26px;line-height: 34px;font-family: Roboto Condensed,Arial Narrow,Avenir Next Condensed,Roboto,sans-serif;\">\n            \n            <!--Note for Kelsey: This is where your third header will go, between the \"strong\" tags-->    \n            <strong>&#176; 3. TEAMWORK MAKES THE MACHINE WORK<\/strong>\n          \n          <\/h1>\n          \n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n              \n        \n              \n              \n            <div style=\"Margin-left: 20px;Margin-right: 20px;Margin-bottom: 12px;\">\n      <div style=\"mso-line-height-rule: exactly;mso-text-raise: 4px;\">\n          \n        <p style=\"Margin-top: 0;Margin-bottom: 0;\">\n            \n            <!--Note for Kelsey: This is the copy that goes with your third header-->    \n            Matching disparate skills to the same task is an essential feature of humans working in groups, and DARPA wants machines to develop that same kind of skill set. Context Reasoning for Autonomous Teaming, or \u201cCREATE,\u201d is a <a style=\"text-decoration: underline;transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in;color: #464646;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.c4isrnet.com\/unmanned\/2019\/09\/09\/can-darpa-create-an-ai-for-unmanned-unmanned-teaming\/\"><strong>DARPA project<\/strong><\/a> to develop an artificial intelligence that can command drones, UGV (land drones), and possibly even UUVs (underwater drones) or USVs (surface drones) into a functioning team that can perform missions together.\n\n\n\n          \n          <\/p>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n            \n              \n<!---------------------------END PARAGRAPH 3 ------------------------------->\n<!---------------------------START PARAGRAPH 4 ------------------------------->        \n        \n            <div style=\"Margin-left: 20px;Margin-right: 20px;\">\n      <div style=\"mso-line-height-rule: exactly;mso-text-raise: 4px;\">\n        <h1 style=\"Margin-top: 0;Margin-bottom: 20px;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;color: #000;font-size: 26px;line-height: 34px;font-family: Roboto Condensed,Arial Narrow,Avenir Next Condensed,Roboto,sans-serif;\">\n            \n            <strong>&#176; 4.  LLAMA TAKE A LOAD OFF YOUR BACKRONYM<\/strong>\n          \n            <\/h1>\n          \n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n              \n        \n              \n              \n            <div style=\"Margin-left: 20px;Margin-right: 20px;Margin-bottom: 12px;\">\n      <div style=\"mso-line-height-rule: exactly;mso-text-raise: 4px;\">\n          \n        <p style=\"Margin-top: 0;Margin-bottom: 0;\">\n            \n            Here at the Tomorrow Wars studio, we love acronyms warped backwards to sound like special features on a G.I. Joe playset. Have a favorite backronym? This fortnight our backronym comes from the Army Research Laboratory, and it might be <a style=\"text-decoration: underline;transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in;color: #464646;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.c4isrnet.com\/unmanned\/2019\/09\/16\/will-armys-llama-robot-lighten-the-logistical-load\/\"><strong>peak backronym<\/strong><\/a>: Legged Locomotion and Movement Adaptation, or LLAMA. The four-legged LLAMA robot could provide squad support over rough terrain, accompanying infantry on foot and taking a load off their backs. Maybe you know a secret WORD (Wide Open Road Disabler)? Email me at katherton@c4isrnet.com and I might include it in a future issue.<\/p>\n\n\n          \n          \n        \n        <p>That\u2019s all for this fortnight. Questions, comments, or inquires about whether or not the Buzz Droids in \u201cRevenge of the Sith\u201d are loitering munitions, drones, or a type of cruise missile, email me at katherton@c4isrnet.com.\n        <\/p>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n        \n          <\/div>\n        <!--[if (mso)|(IE)]><\/td><\/tr><\/table><![endif]-->\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n \n          \n\n          \n          \n          \n          \n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>How people talk about drones, and group drones together, can have an outsized effect shaping policy response to disparate threats.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":61619,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-nofollow":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_acf":"","_yoast_wpseo_primary_category":34,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","_smg_distribution_targets":[]},"categories":[6,106,29,32,34],"tags":[],"coauthors":[3021],"class_list":["post-19816","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-artificial-intelligence","category-daily-brief","category-home","category-newsletters","category-tomorrow-wars"],"acf":{"subheadline":"","legacy_arc_id":"QIVFI5Q5S5DETGJWVZWLO65QHY","arc_canonical_url":"\/artificial-intelligence\/tomorrow-wars\/2019\/09\/26\/tomorrow-wars-volume-1-issue-7-a-drone-by-any-other-name\/","remove_feature_photo":true,"is_sponsored":false,"subtype":"","redirect_url":"","disable_inline_ads":false,"native_logo_pretext":"Presented By:"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v28.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Tomorrow Wars Volume 1 Issue 7: A Drone By Any Other Name - C4ISRNet<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"How people talk about drones, and group drones together, can have an outsized effect shaping policy response to disparate threats.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/c4isrnet\/artificial-intelligence\/tomorrow-wars\/2019\/09\/26\/tomorrow-wars-volume-1-issue-7-a-drone-by-any-other-name\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tomorrow Wars Volume 1 Issue 7: A Drone By Any Other Name\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"How people talk about drones, and group drones together, can have an outsized effect shaping policy response to disparate threats.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/c4isrnet\/artificial-intelligence\/tomorrow-wars\/2019\/09\/26\/tomorrow-wars-volume-1-issue-7-a-drone-by-any-other-name\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"C4ISRNet\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-09-26T17:34:38+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-08-08T17:59:33+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Kelsey D. Atherton\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Kelsey D. 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