{"id":26236,"date":"2020-01-13T19:19:28","date_gmt":"2020-01-13T19:19:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/c4isrnet\/uncategorized\/2020\/01\/13\/cyberspace-is-the-next-front-in-iran-us-conflict-and-private-companies-may-bear-the-brunt\/"},"modified":"2026-08-08T18:22:44","modified_gmt":"2026-08-08T18:22:44","slug":"cyberspace-is-the-next-front-in-iran-us-conflict-and-private-companies-may-bear-the-brunt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/c4isrnet\/industry\/2020\/01\/13\/cyberspace-is-the-next-front-in-iran-us-conflict-and-private-companies-may-bear-the-brunt\/","title":{"rendered":"Cyberspace is the next front in Iran-US conflict and private companies may bear the brunt"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">THE CONVERSATION \u2014 Iran and other nations have waged a stealth cyberwar against the United States for at least the past decade, largely targeting not the government itself but, rather, critical infrastructure companies. This threat to the private sector will get much worse before it gets better and businesses need to be prepared to deal with it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As in the days of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.crn.com\/news\/security\/expert-rogue-states-haven-t-been-this-aggressive-since-pirates-roamed-the-seas\">pirates and privateers<\/a>, much of our nation\u2019s critical infrastructure is controlled by private companies and enemy nations and their proxies are targeting them aggressively.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The U.S.-Iran cyberconflict has simmered for years, but the current crisis boiled over with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.state.gov\/on-attacks-by-irans-proxies-in-iraq\/\">Iranian attacks on U.S. interests in Iraq<\/a> that led to the Jan. 3 U.S. drone strike that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/world-nation\/story\/2020-01-06\/muhandis-was-tehrans-man-in-iraq-his-killing-by-the-u-s-may-have-more-blowback-than-suleimanis\">killed a senior Iranian general and terrorist leader<\/a>. Iran\u2019s supreme leader threatened \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2020\/01\/07\/how-iran-could-retaliate-against-the-us-after-solemani-killing.html\">harsh revenge<\/a>,\u201d but said Iran would <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/library\/news\/iran\/2020\/iran-200105-presstv08.htm\">limit those efforts to military targets<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\t<aside class=\"smg-interstitial-link wp-block-smg-interstitial-link\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/c4isrnet\/home\/2020\/01\/09\/how-tensions-with-iran-could-test-a-new-cyber-strategy\/\" class=\"smg-interstitial-link__inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"smg-interstitial-link__media\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"157\" src=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/4259933.jpg.jpg?w=300\" class=\"smg-interstitial-link__image wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"smg-interstitial-link__content\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"smg-interstitial-link__kicker\">Related<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"smg-interstitial-link__title\">How tensions with Iran could test a new cyber strategy<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"smg-interstitial-link__excerpt\">With the potential for Iran to hit back at the United States in cyberspace, DoD&#039;s new approach of &quot;defending forward&quot; could be put to the test, a former top official believes.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/aside>\n\t\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But even before Iranian missiles struck U.S. military bases in Iraq on Jan. 7, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dailymail.co.uk\/news\/article-7852819\/Iranian-hackers-breach-government-website-retaliation-airstrike.html\">pro-Iranian hackers reportedly attacked<\/a> at least one U.S. government-related website, along with a number of private company sites. Of greater concern, a new report details significant recent efforts by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wired.com\/story\/iran-apt33-us-electric-grid\/\">Iran to compromise the U.S. electric<\/a>, oil and gas utilities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Iran, which has reportedly attacked <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-saudi-aramco-attacks-un-exclusive\/exclusive-u-n-investigators-find-yemens-houthis-did-not-carry-out-saudi-oil-attack-idUSKBN1Z72VX\">Saudi Arabian energy production<\/a>, is also capable, according to U.S. officials, of conducting \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/news\/us-news\/iran-has-laid-groundwork-extensive-cyberattacks-u-s-say-officials-n893081\">attacks against thousands of electric grids<\/a>, water plants, and health and technology companies\u201d in the U.S. and Western Europe. Disrupting those systems could cause significant damage to homes and businesses and, in the worst case, injuries and death.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Much of our targeted critical infrastructure is under the control of private companies. Without government protection \u2014 and in the absence of any agreed-upon rules of cyber warfare \u2014 businesses are at high risk, and strict American criminal laws prohibit many forms of cyber self-defense by private companies. But there are straightforward measures companies can take both to protect themselves and to enhance our collective national cybersecurity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"5184\" height=\"3456\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/AP1603241813345291.jpg.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-76010\" srcset=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/AP1603241813345291.jpg.jpg 5184w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/AP1603241813345291.jpg.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/AP1603241813345291.jpg.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/AP1603241813345291.jpg.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/AP1603241813345291.jpg.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/AP1603241813345291.jpg.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 5184px) 100vw, 5184px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Bowman Avenue Dam is seen in Rye Brook, N.Y., Thursday, March 24, 2016.  Seven hackers tied to the Iranian government were charged Thursday in a series of punishing cyberattacks on dozens of banks and a small dam outside New York City, intrusions that reached into America&#8217;s infrastructure and disrupted the financial system, U.S. law enforcement officials said.  (AP Photo\/Seth Wenig)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><b>What will Iran do?<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Though it\u2019s impossible to predict with certainty the behavior of the Iranian regime and their many proxies, their cyberattacks likely will continue to go well beyond governmental systems, which are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cybercom.mil\/default.aspx\">reasonably well defended<\/a>. Iran and its supporters likely will focus on easier targets operated by private companies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A recent U.S. Department of Homeland Security alert highlights <a href=\"https:\/\/www.us-cert.gov\/ncas\/alerts\/aa20-006a\">Iran\u2019s capability and willingness<\/a> to engage in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/news\/us-news\/iran-has-laid-groundwork-extensive-cyberattacks-u-s-say-officials-n893081\">multiple types of destructive cyberattacks<\/a> over the last decade. According to indictments filed by the U.S. Department of Justice, as cited in the DHS alert:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Beginning as far back as 2011, Iran has conducted numerous Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, sending&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.justice.gov\/opa\/file\/834996\/download\">massive amounts of internet traffic to knock websites offline<\/a>. Iran\u2019s DDoS attacks have targeted, among others, financial institutions, for whom the resulting downtime reportedly cost millions of dollars.<\/li><li>In 2013, one or more Iranians working for the country\u2019s Revolutionary Guard&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-usa-iran-cyber-idUSKCN0WQ1JF\">illegally accessed the control system of a New York dam<\/a>, although no direct damage apparently was done.<\/li><li>In 2014, Iran&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/money.cnn.com\/2015\/02\/27\/technology\/security\/iran-hack-casino\/index.html\">conducted an attack on the Sands Las Vegas Corporation<\/a>, stealing customer credit card, Social Security and driver\u2019s license numbers and wiping all data from Sands\u2019 computer systems.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Between 2013 and 2017, hackers working on behalf of Iran\u2019s Revolutionary Guard conducted a \u201cmassive\u201d cyber theft operation targeting academic and intellectual property data, along with email information, from hundreds of universities, more than 45 companies, at least two federal agencies, at least two state governments and the United Nations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It is possible that new efforts along these lines could be planned and timed to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.engadget.com\/2019\/10\/04\/iran-cyberattacks-targeted-us-presidential-campaign\/\">affect upcoming American elections<\/a>. In addition, other countries could launch attacks and <a href=\"https:\/\/securityaffairs.co\/wordpress\/92770\/apt\/turla-false-flag-iran.html\">try to blame them on Iran, or vice versa<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><b>No clear cyber rules of engagement<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For conventional and even nuclear warfare, nations have, over the centuries, agreed to rules of armed conflict. They\u2019ve developed ways to signal their intentions to escalate or deescalate a conflict. The U.S. and Iran have, for now, deescalated their public military conflict, thanks to Iran warning of its missile attack and not killing or injuring anyone and the U.S. not taking any further military action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But cyberspace remains the wild west, with few, if any, <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/in-a-world-of-cyber-threats-the-push-for-cyber-peace-is-growing-119419\">agreed-on rules of engagement<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.americansecurityproject.org\/attacking-the-grid-the-danger-of-us-russia-cyber-escalation\/\">well-understood signaling mechanisms<\/a>. This makes any ongoing cyberconflict between Iran and its enemies all the more dangerous, with critical infrastructure companies at risk of being caught in the crossfire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Without government assistance, those companies are largely on their own in defending against Iranian or other foreign government attacks. Strict criminal laws <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lawfareblog.com\/legislative-hackback-notes-active-cyber-defense-certainty-act-discussion-draft\">severely restrict companies\u2019 defensive options<\/a>, prohibiting, for example, technologies to trace and destroy stolen data.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"3956\" height=\"2220\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/taylor-vick-M5tzZtFCOfs-unsplash.jpg.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-76013\" srcset=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/taylor-vick-M5tzZtFCOfs-unsplash.jpg.jpg 3956w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/taylor-vick-M5tzZtFCOfs-unsplash.jpg.jpg?resize=300,168 300w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/taylor-vick-M5tzZtFCOfs-unsplash.jpg.jpg?resize=768,431 768w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/taylor-vick-M5tzZtFCOfs-unsplash.jpg.jpg?resize=1024,575 1024w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/taylor-vick-M5tzZtFCOfs-unsplash.jpg.jpg?resize=1536,862 1536w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/taylor-vick-M5tzZtFCOfs-unsplash.jpg.jpg?resize=2048,1149 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 3956px) 100vw, 3956px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><b>Collective cyberdefense<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">All of that said, there are steps companies can take to <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/5-ways-to-protect-yourself-from-cybercrime-120062\">protect themselves<\/a>, not only from Iranian or other governmental attacks but against hacking by data thieves, ransomware gangs, corporate rivals, disgruntled employees or anyone else.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vigilance and communication is key. Companies, particularly in critical infrastructure sectors such as energy, financial, telecommunications and health care, should stay in closer-than-usual touch with appropriate governmental bodies, including the Department of Homeland Security, the FBI and the appropriate cyber <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalisacs.org\/member-isacs\">Information Sharing &amp; Analysis Centers<\/a>. ISACs can help companies quickly get threat intelligence from the government and report attacks that may have implications beyond a single company.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Businesses also should carefully check their systems for malware previously inserted maliciously to enable future attacks. They should, of course, scan their systems on an ongoing basis for viruses and other malicious code that could let hackers have unauthorized access to systems or data. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.us-cert.gov\/ncas\/alerts\/aa20-006a\">Companies should also<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/how-secure-is-your-data-when-its-stored-in-the-cloud-90000\">securely back up their data<\/a>, closely monitor data traffic on their networks, require workers to use <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/the-age-of-hacking-brings-a-return-to-the-physical-key-73094\">multi-factor authentication<\/a> when logging into IT resources, and provide cybersecuritiy training and awareness to employees.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Protecting our national and economic security from attack is in the hands of private citizens and companies in a way that hasn\u2019t been true perhaps since <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Dunkirk-evacuation\">British boat owners rescued their nation\u2019s army from annihilation<\/a> at Dunkirk in 1940. By taking reasonable cybersecurity measures, companies, and all of us individually, can not only help protect ourselves and our nation but, perhaps, even help to prevent a war. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"http:\/\/theconversation.com\/cyberspace-is-the-next-front-in-iran-us-conflict-and-private-companies-may-bear-the-brunt-129487\" target=_blank><i>The Conversation<\/i><\/a><i> is an independent and nonprofit source of news, analysis and commentary from academic experts.<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Much of our targeted critical infrastructure is under the control of private companies. Without government protection \u2014 and in the absence of any agreed-upon rules of cyber warfare \u2014 businesses are at high risk.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":62935,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-nofollow":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_acf":"","_yoast_wpseo_primary_category":13,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","_smg_distribution_targets":{"8":{"categories":["home","daily-brief","newsletters","it-cloud-report"],"primary_category":"home"}}},"categories":[106,29,13,32],"tags":[],"coauthors":[7650],"class_list":["post-26236","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-daily-brief","category-home","category-industry","category-newsletters"],"acf":{"subheadline":"","legacy_arc_id":"7EPJUCFCBRBQFG7NJBGCHE43FA","arc_canonical_url":"\/industry\/2020\/01\/13\/cyberspace-is-the-next-front-in-iran-us-conflict-and-private-companies-may-bear-the-brunt\/","remove_feature_photo":false,"is_sponsored":false,"subtype":"","redirect_url":"","disable_inline_ads":false,"native_logo_pretext":"Presented By:"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v28.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Cyberspace is the next front in Iran-US conflict and private companies may bear the brunt - C4ISRNet<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Much of our targeted critical infrastructure is under the control of private companies. 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Without government protection \u2014 and in the absence of any agreed-upon rules of cyber warfare \u2014 businesses are at high risk.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/c4isrnet\/industry\/2020\/01\/13\/cyberspace-is-the-next-front-in-iran-us-conflict-and-private-companies-may-bear-the-brunt\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"C4ISRNet\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-01-13T19:19:28+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-08-08T18:22:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Bryan Cunningham, University of California, Irvine\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Bryan Cunningham, University of California, Irvine\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\n\t    \"@context\": \"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\n\t    \"@graph\": [\n\t        {\n\t            \"@type\": \"Article\",\n\t            \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/one.sightlinemg.com\\\/c4isrnet\\\/industry\\\/2020\\\/01\\\/13\\\/cyberspace-is-the-next-front-in-iran-us-conflict-and-private-companies-may-bear-the-brunt\\\/#article\",\n\t            \"isPartOf\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/one.sightlinemg.com\\\/c4isrnet\\\/industry\\\/2020\\\/01\\\/13\\\/cyberspace-is-the-next-front-in-iran-us-conflict-and-private-companies-may-bear-the-brunt\\\/\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"author\": {\n\t                \"name\": \"migration\",\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/one.sightlinemg.com\\\/c4isrnet\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/cc76c831bb37a926738c8391fca7a3b1\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"headline\": \"Cyberspace is the next front in Iran-US conflict and private companies may bear the brunt\",\n\t            \"datePublished\": \"2020-01-13T19:19:28+00:00\",\n\t            \"dateModified\": \"2026-08-08T18:22:44+00:00\",\n\t            \"mainEntityOfPage\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/one.sightlinemg.com\\\/c4isrnet\\\/industry\\\/2020\\\/01\\\/13\\\/cyberspace-is-the-next-front-in-iran-us-conflict-and-private-companies-may-bear-the-brunt\\\/\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"wordCount\": 1110,\n\t            \"commentCount\": 0,\n\t            \"publisher\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/one.sightlinemg.com\\\/c4isrnet\\\/#organization\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"image\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/one.sightlinemg.com\\\/c4isrnet\\\/industry\\\/2020\\\/01\\\/13\\\/cyberspace-is-the-next-front-in-iran-us-conflict-and-private-companies-may-bear-the-brunt\\\/#primaryimage\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"thumbnailUrl\": \"https:\\\/\\\/one.sightlinemg.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/08\\\/GettyImages-1164223116-Cropped.jpg.jpg\",\n\t            \"articleSection\": [\n\t                \"Daily Brief\",\n\t                \"Home\",\n\t                \"Industry\",\n\t                \"Newsletters\"\n\t            ],\n\t            \"inLanguage\": \"en-US\",\n\t            \"potentialAction\": [\n\t                {\n\t                    \"@type\": \"CommentAction\",\n\t                    \"name\": \"Comment\",\n\t                    \"target\": [\n\t                        \"https:\\\/\\\/one.sightlinemg.com\\\/c4isrnet\\\/industry\\\/2020\\\/01\\\/13\\\/cyberspace-is-the-next-front-in-iran-us-conflict-and-private-companies-may-bear-the-brunt\\\/#respond\"\n\t                    ]\n\t                }\n\t            ]\n\t        },\n\t        {\n\t            \"@type\": \"WebPage\",\n\t            \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/one.sightlinemg.com\\\/c4isrnet\\\/industry\\\/2020\\\/01\\\/13\\\/cyberspace-is-the-next-front-in-iran-us-conflict-and-private-companies-may-bear-the-brunt\\\/\",\n\t            \"url\": \"https:\\\/\\\/one.sightlinemg.com\\\/c4isrnet\\\/industry\\\/2020\\\/01\\\/13\\\/cyberspace-is-the-next-front-in-iran-us-conflict-and-private-companies-may-bear-the-brunt\\\/\",\n\t            \"name\": \"Cyberspace is the next front in Iran-US conflict and private companies may bear the brunt - 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