{"id":35179,"date":"2020-11-30T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-11-30T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/c4isrnet\/uncategorized\/2020\/11\/30\/how-the-biden-administration-is-expected-to-approach-tech-research-and-development\/"},"modified":"2026-08-08T00:20:40","modified_gmt":"2026-08-08T00:20:40","slug":"how-the-biden-administration-is-expected-to-approach-tech-research-and-development","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/c4isrnet\/newsletters\/daily-brief\/2020\/11\/30\/how-the-biden-administration-is-expected-to-approach-tech-research-and-development\/","title":{"rendered":"How the Biden administration is expected to approach tech research and development"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

WASHINGTON \u2014 Experts expect President-elect Joe Biden\u2019s administration to build on the Trump administration\u2019s investments in emerging technologies, while adding to research and development budgets in the Defense Department and across the federal government.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The incoming Biden administration signaled throughout the campaign that basic research and development funding would be a priority. Biden wrote in Foreign Affairs<\/a> he would make research and development a \u201ccornerstone\u201d of his presidency and pointed to the United States having the \u201cgreatest research universities in the world.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cIt\u2019s basic research that\u2019s the area where you get the breakthroughs, and you need long-term, sustained investments to build up a strong S&T base,\u201d said Martijn Rasser, a senior fellow at the Center for a New American Security\u2019s technology and national security program.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Biden\u2019s R&D investment is an expected change from the Trump administration\u2019s approach, which experts have noted is narrower in scope and focused on harnessing private sector innovation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe reality is the U.S. private sector has eclipsed the government, which in some ways that can be good,\u201d said Rep. Jim Langevin, D-R.I., chairman of the House Armed Services Committee\u2019s Subcommittee on Intelligence and Emerging Threats and Capabilities. \u201cThe private sector can move with greater agility than the government, but the private sector may not be focusing on developing those exquisite technologies that we need for the war fighter.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Experts told C4ISRNET they expect the Biden administration to invest more money in basic research areas and to reform immigration laws that slowed the innovation pipeline from abroad to the United States.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cChina is closing in. They are spending every year more and more on R&D. They will soon, if not already, be spending as much as we are, if not more on R&D,\u201d Langevin said told C4ISRNET. \u201cCongress has woken up to this problem.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Basic research<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Perhaps the most likely area the Biden administration is poised to change is basic research and development funding.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

According to annual reports from the Congressional Research Service, the Trump administration consistently proposed top-line cuts to federal research and development in yearly budget proposals. This included the fiscal 2021 budget proposal\u2019s $13.8 billion decrease in defense R&D over the fiscal 2020 funding enacted by Congress.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

While the Pentagon has often been spared from such cuts, the Trump administration has also suggested trimming the defense-related basic research budget line \u2014 money that is a \u201csubstantial source of federal funds for university R&D,\u201d according to the Congressional Research Service.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The White House\u2019s FY21 defense-related basic research budget line asked for a reduction of about 11 percent from FY20 enacted, or a $284.2 million decrease.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Biden\u2019s campaign platform calls for a four-year investment of $300 billion in R&D for new technology such as 5G, artificial intelligence, advanced materials and electric cars.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cA nation speaks to and identifies its priorities by where it puts its research dollars, where it puts its money,\u201d Langevin said. \u201cBasic research has to be more of a priority, and that\u2019s something I\u2019m going to encourage the Biden administration to focus on.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Patient Gregg Johnson speaks with Vice President Joe Biden during a tour of the research lab at the Huntsman Cancer Institute Friday, Feb. 26, 2016, in Salt Lake City, as part of the White House’s cancer “moonshot,” an ambitious effort to double the rate of progress toward curing cancer and ramp up federally funded research on the disease. Johnson’s mother died from colon cancer several years ago, but he remains cancer-free due to early screening which gave him knowledge about his genetic status. (AP Photo\/Rick Bowmer, Pool)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Mich\u00e8le Flournoy, thought to be a leading contender to become the next secretary of defense<\/a>, has also written about the need to increase investment in emerging technologies<\/a> to counter China. In Foreign Affairs in June<\/a>, Flournoy wrote that \u201cresilient battlefield networks, artificial intelligence to support faster decision-making, fleets of unmanned systems, and hypersonic and long-range precision missiles\u201d will \u201cultimately determine military success.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cContinuing to underinvest in these emerging capabilities will ultimately have dire costs for U.S. deterrence,\u201d she wrote.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Congressional and think tank reports<\/a> published during the Trump administration\u2019s tenure called for an increase in basic research funding. A report<\/a> from the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence\u2019s strategic tech and advanced research subpanel, led by Rep. Jim Himes, D-Conn., recommended bumping up federal research and development funding from 0.7 percent to 1.1 percent of gross domestic product, or an increase of $146 billion to $230 billion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A report by the Council on Foreign Relations<\/a> from 2019 applauded the Trump administration\u2019s requested increases in funding for the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, now funded at $3.46 billion, and the Defense Innovation Unit, for which the Trump administration requested $164 million.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Laying the groundwork<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Initiatives started under the Trump administration did provide a groundwork on which the Biden administration can build.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the Trump administration, DARPA kicked off a $1.5 billion microelectronics effort. In artificial intelligence, the administration launched the American AI Initiative. However, the Council on Foreign Relations criticized that effort because it had no funding and left agencies to prioritize artificial intelligence R&D spending without metrics, while also drawing funds from other research areas. The administration also made an $1.2 billion investment in quantum information science.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe Trump administration started bringing national attention and federal focus to many of these technologies,\u201d said Lindsey Sheppard, a fellow at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. \u201cI hope to see from the Biden administration perhaps a more cohesive guiding strategy for all of these pieces.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

While the Trump administration has started many initiatives, the Council on Foreign Relations report also criticized the Trump administration\u2019s innovation strategy as an \u201cincremental and limited approach,\u201d writing that \u201caction does not match the language officials use to describe the importance of AI to U.S. economic and national security.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

While investment in future technology is important, defense budgets are expected to stay flat or decrease in the coming years<\/a>. In her Foreign Affairs article, Flournoy acknowledge that the budgetary reality will require \u201ctough tradeoffs.\u201d Experts agree.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cR&D programs are going to have to start being able to consistently, clearly articulate justifications for their budgets and the returns on investment,\u201d Sheppard said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But the coronavirus pandemic has highlighted the need for increased investments in research and development, Himes and Langevin argued. Both lawmakers identified biothreats as something they fear for the future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
WASHINGTON, DC – NOVEMBER 13: U.S. Vice President Joseph Biden (C), joined by Ebola Response Coordinator Ron Klain (L), and Senior Advisor Valerie Jarrett (R), speaks during a meeting regarding Ebola at the Eisenhower Executive office building November 13, 2014 in Washington, D.C. Vice President Biden met with leaders of faith, humanitarian, and non-governmental organizations that are responding to the Ebola crisis in West Africa. (Photo by Mark Wilson\/Getty Images)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Biological threats are one area that DARPA \u2014 an organization Langevin pointed to as a major federal R&D success story \u2014 has triumphantly address. Commercial partners from DARPA\u2019s 3-year-old pandemic prevention platform<\/a> program announced they developed a COVID-19 therapeutic using new techniques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThere\u2019s absolutely going to be a rethink,\u201d Himes told C4ISRNET in an interview. \u201cAre we correctly allocating money between the possibility that there could be a pandemic that kills a million Americans, versus the possibility that we\u2019re going to have to fight the Russians in the Fulda Gap? I think there\u2019s going be a lot of thinking about that. And there should be thinking about that because our money should go to those areas where there\u2019s the highest probability of dead Americans.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Immigration innovation<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Another way to improve American innovation in critical future technologies is by allowing highly skilled foreigners to work in the United States.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Biden has hinted at changes that will affect American innovation through the expected reversals of President Donald Trump\u2019s immigration policies, which limited high-skilled workers from legally working in the country.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Biden administration\u2019s platform states it wants to reform the H-1B visa process that the Trump administration restricted, much to the chagrin of American tech companies, which use the program to hire top talent from abroad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Think tanks have recommended reforming the current U.S. immigration policy to attract international students, entrepreneurs and high-skilled workers because of the innovative ideas they provide. For example, an analysis <\/a>by Georgetown University\u2019s Center for Security and Technology found that 68 percent of the United States\u2019 top 50 artificial intelligence companies were co-founded by immigrants, most of whom came the U.S. as students.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cA lot of the Trump administration\u2019s policies \u2014 we\u2019re shooting ourselves in the foot making it so much harder for people to come here,\u201d said Rasser, who wrote a report for CNAS last year calling for H1-B caps to be increased. \u201cBecause of the fact that people want to come to the United States to live and work, that\u2019s one of our greatest competitive advantages. It\u2019s something I expect the Biden administration to reverse.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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