{"id":17280,"date":"2021-11-16T22:17:49","date_gmt":"2021-11-16T22:17:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/defensenews\/uncategorized\/2021\/11\/16\/swift-trans-atlantic-action-kept-turkey-from-fueling-belarus-hybrid-attacks\/"},"modified":"2026-08-07T21:40:23","modified_gmt":"2026-08-07T21:40:23","slug":"swift-trans-atlantic-action-kept-turkey-from-fueling-belarus-hybrid-attacks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/defensenews\/global\/europe\/2021\/11\/16\/swift-trans-atlantic-action-kept-turkey-from-fueling-belarus-hybrid-attacks\/","title":{"rendered":"Swift trans-Atlantic action kept Turkey from fueling Belarus\u2019 hybrid attacks"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Following her meeting with President Biden at the White House last Wednesday, European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/vonderleyen\/status\/1458486145520652291\">stated<\/a> on Twitter that the rising tensions on the Belarus-Poland border were not a \u201cmigration crisis\u201d but a \u201chybrid attack,\u201d a form of irregular warfare that blends military and non-military methods. She proceeded to <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/vonderleyen\/status\/1458486741984292866\">announce<\/a> that the European Union and the United States will cooperate on sanctioning third-country airlines involved in human trafficking. The unstated target of von der Leyen\u2019s warning was the Turkish government, whose flag carrier had been delivering migrants to Belarus. When called out, Ankara reversed course, showing how coordinated transatlantic pressure can thwart a hybrid attack.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Belarusian strongman Alexander Lukashenko, whom Russian President Vladimir Putin <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dw.com\/en\/russias-putin-backs-brotherly-belarus-amid-eu-pressure\/a-59726101\">vowed<\/a> to support earlier this month against foreign \u201cinterference,\u201d has been weaponizing migration into three EU member states\u2014<a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/europe-middle-east-poland-migration-warsaw-8cf4879019d24406dcca21922af48ff1\">Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland<\/a>\u2014since June. Lukashenko has done so by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2021\/10\/12\/1045345417\/poland-belarus-lukashenko-eu-migrants-asylum\">luring<\/a> migrants from Africa and the Middle East to Belarus, offering them unfettered passage to the EU border, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newyorker.com\/news\/daily-comment\/europes-migration-crisis-born-in-belarus\">often by government bus<\/a>, and at times even <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thetimes.co.uk\/article\/belarus-forces-migrants-into-eu-at-gunpoint-xgqr0v37x\">forcing<\/a> them at gunpoint to cross into the EU.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lukashenko devised this hybrid attack in retaliation for a range of EU economic and financial sanctions <a href=\"https:\/\/www.consilium.europa.eu\/en\/press\/press-releases\/2021\/06\/24\/eu-imposes-sanctions-on-belarusian-economy\/\">imposed<\/a> in June over what Brussels referred to as Lukashenko\u2019s \u201cserious human rights violations.\u201d The EU imposed these sanctions after a Belarusian jet in May <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/politics\/2021\/05\/23\/when-belarus-forced-down-plane-it-may-have-committed-state-sponsored-hijacking\/\">forced down<\/a> a commercial plane in order to arrest <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2021\/05\/23\/world\/europe\/roman-protasevich.html\">Roman Protasevich<\/a>, a dissident journalist on board.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Although Putin <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2021\/11\/13\/europe\/poland-belarus-crisis-russia-intl\/index.html\">insists<\/a> that Russia has \u201cabsolutely nothing to do with\u201d the ongoing crisis on the Poland-Belarus border, the Kremlin demonstrated its support for Lukashenko by <a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/european-union-moscow-belarus-poland-russia-99656920fa8d12adee6043fac4d9b546\">flying<\/a> nuclear-capable strategic bombers over Belarus last week. Such coordinated Russian-Belarusian action is precisely what Maj. Gen. William Hickman, director of strategic plans and policy for NATO Allied Transformation Command in Norfolk, Virginia, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defensenews.com\/international\/2019\/07\/15\/with-an-eye-to-russia-europe-focuses-on-hybrid-warfare-response\/\">warned against<\/a> in 2019: \u201cOur adversaries or competitors are seeing an ability to work below the level of Article 5. Or, as NATO would say, to work below the level of conflict.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">What made the Belarusian crisis more challenging compared to earlier hybrid attacks was the allegations by journalists that Turkey, a NATO member state, was also complicit. Last Tuesday, one day after von der Leyen <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/commission\/presscorner\/detail\/en\/statement_21_5867\">announced<\/a> that the EU is exploring \u201chow to sanction third country airlines that are active in human trafficking,\u201d <i>EU Observer<\/i> <a href=\"https:\/\/euobserver.com\/world\/153468\">reported<\/a> that Turkish Airlines was one of the carriers complicit with Belarus and a <i>Politico Europe<\/i> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/newsletter\/brussels-playbook\/belarus-border-crisis-sanctions-latest-lithuanias-terror-warning\/\">report<\/a> pointed the finger at Turkey as being \u201cone of the main points of origin for flights landing in Minsk.\u201d The same day, Polish Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/mswierczynski1\/status\/1458166479266926600\">tweeted<\/a>: \u201cWe can see fully synchronised actions \u2013 Turkey\u2019s actions with Belarus and Russia. We are worried, we do not like this.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is not the first time that Turkey\u2019s authoritarian president Recep Tayyip Erdogan has played a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theglobalist.com\/turkey-undermines-nato-yet-again\/\">spoiler role<\/a> within NATO by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fdd.org\/analysis\/2021\/05\/28\/erdogan-saves-putins-belarusian-ally\/\">rushing to the aid<\/a> of fellow strongman Lukashenko.<i> The Washington Post<\/i> reported that Turkey <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/2021\/05\/26\/belarus-plane-lukashenko-protasevich\/\">used<\/a> its veto power within NATO to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-belarus-politics-nato-turkey-exclusiv\/exclusive-turkey-pushed-nato-allies-into-softening-outrage-over-belarus-plane-diplomats-say-idUSKCN2D826P\">water down<\/a> an official condemnation of Lukashenko in May following the Protasevich incident. According to Reuters, Ankara <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-belarus-politics-nato-turkey-exclusiv\/exclusive-turkey-pushed-nato-allies-into-softening-outrage-over-belarus-plane-diplomats-say-idUSKCN2D826P\">blocked<\/a> unspecified punitive steps that Baltic allies and Poland had advocated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This follows two earlier episodes where the Erdogan government similarly blocked a harsher NATO response to Russia. First, Ankara <a href=\"https:\/\/www.al-monitor.com\/originals\/2021\/05\/turkeys-persistent-watering-down-anti-russian-language-leaves-nato-bind\">watered down<\/a> the wording of an April 15 NATO <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nato.int\/cps\/en\/natohq\/official_texts_183168.htm\">statement<\/a> expressing solidarity with America over Russia\u2019s cyberattacks on U.S. government agencies. Likewise, Turkey watered down an April 22 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nato.int\/cps\/en\/natohq\/news_183252.htm\">statement<\/a> voicing concern over Russian military intelligence\u2019s blowing up of ammunition storage depots in the Czech Republic in 2014. Turkey also <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ekathimerini.com\/news\/253780\/turkey-still-blocking-defense-plans-for-poland-baltics-say-nato-allies\/\">blocked<\/a> a NATO defense plan for Poland and the Baltic states for over six months until <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lrt.lt\/en\/news-in-english\/19\/1193506\/nato-endorses-baltic-defence-plans-after-turkey-withdraws-veto\">June 2020<\/a>, prompting <i>The New York Times<\/i> to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2020\/08\/03\/world\/europe\/turkey-nato.html\">label<\/a> the country as \u201cNATO\u2019s \u2018Elephant in the Room.\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The threats of coordinated U.S.-EU sanctions against Turkish Airlines \u2014 although neither Washington nor Brussels has explicitly indicated that the airline is in their crosshairs \u2014 appear to have delivered immediate results. The day after von der Leyen\u2019s White House announcement, Turkey\u2019s foreign ministry issued a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mfa.gov.tr\/no_-372_-polonya-ve-belarus-sinirinda-yasanan-duzensiz-goc-krizi-hk.en.mfa\">press release<\/a> stating that Ankara \u201cunderstands the challenges Poland, Lithuania and Latvia have been exposed to\u201d and is \u201cready to give all necessary support in order to overcome this issue.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The following day, Turkey\u2019s Directorate General of Civil Aviation <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/SHGM\/status\/1459079392689373205\">announced<\/a> that Ankara would not allow citizens of Iraq, Syria, and Yemen, who comprised the bulk of migrants Lukashenko has been weaponizing, to board Belarus flights. Less than 24 hours after a Turkish Airlines <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/en\/economy\/turkish-airlines-rebuffs-claims-of-fueling-migrant-crisis-as-without-any-basis\/2416241\">statement<\/a> denying any wrongdoing, Ankara bowed to pressure from NATO allies to take immediate action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Last week\u2019s developments show that concerted and swift transatlantic pushback was key to thwarting Minsk\u2019s hybrid attacks as well as reversing the course of a complicit NATO member state with a troubling record of playing a spoiler role. This is a lesson the transatlantic alliance needs to keep in mind as Belarus, Russia and the like plan for their next hybrid attack.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><i>Aykan Erdemir is a former member of the Turkish parliament and senior director of the Turkey Program<\/i> <i>at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies (FDD). Follow him on Twitter <\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/aykan_erdemir\"><i>@aykan_erdemir<\/i><\/a><i>.<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The threats of coordinated U.S.-EU sanctions against Turkish Airlines \u2014 although neither Washington nor Brussels has explicitly indicated that the airline is in their crosshairs \u2014 appear to have delivered immediate results.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":35343,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-nofollow":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_acf":"","_yoast_wpseo_primary_category":46,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","_smg_distribution_targets":[]},"categories":[66,160,46,11,36,17],"tags":[],"coauthors":[4241],"class_list":["post-17280","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-commentary","category-daily-news-roundup","category-europe","category-global","category-newsletters","category-opinion"],"acf":{"subheadline":"","legacy_arc_id":"QV2OP5Q7BRGYLHQZGYPIMU2QTA","arc_canonical_url":"\/opinion\/commentary\/2021\/11\/16\/swift-trans-atlantic-action-kept-turkey-from-fueling-belarus-hybrid-attacks\/","remove_feature_photo":false,"is_sponsored":false,"subtype":"","redirect_url":"","disable_inline_ads":false,"native_logo_pretext":"Presented 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