{"id":27235,"date":"2019-03-26T18:30:20","date_gmt":"2019-03-26T18:30:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/defensenews\/uncategorized\/2019\/03\/26\/the-enduring-case-for-american-naval-power\/"},"modified":"2026-08-07T22:12:11","modified_gmt":"2026-08-07T22:12:11","slug":"the-enduring-case-for-american-naval-power","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/defensenews\/commentary\/2019\/03\/26\/the-enduring-case-for-american-naval-power\/","title":{"rendered":"The enduring case for American naval power"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Born from revolution in the midst of a previous era of great power competition, America\u2019s dedication to freedom, equality, and its resulting ascendance in the world have always been challenged. And although we would not become a \u201cgreat power\u201d ourselves for a century or more, our earliest guarantor of economic and political security was decidedly rooted in a maritime strategy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">That could be because our first president was also our first navalist. \u201cIt follows then as certain as that night succeeds the day,\u201d wrote George Washington, \u201cthat without a Decisive Naval force we can do nothing definitive, and with it everything honourable and glorious.\u201d And although Washington was then focused on the military campaign, others serving beside him shared his vision in support of a new American economic and naval system that would someday be truly independent of the Old World. Commerce and naval forces \u201cby kind of a reaction, mutually beneficial, promote each other,\u201d wrote Alexander Hamilton in \u201cFederalist No. 11,\u201d arguing for ratification of a new constitution that would promise to \u201cprovide and maintain a Navy.\u201d Defending freedom of the seas meant providing the American \u201cunequaled spirit of enterprise\u201d a more than equal chance to compete and win.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The same is still true today. On the global stage and in the larger theater of human history, peace and prosperity through strength has yet to go out of style \u2014 and most likely it never will.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yet, no matter where we steer our ship of state, the tide of geopolitics always rises to meet us. Today, global competition with highly capable adversaries portends perhaps greater danger to our economic, technological and financial security than ever before. The notion that all seas should be free to every people and nation is still a relatively new idea. And that idea is being challenged each and every day.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Our sailors and Marines today experience this firsthand \u2014 as Chinese ships of every build and persuasion, all connected to the Communist regime, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.com\/story\/2018\/10\/16\/james-mattis-predatory-chinese-behavior-905850\" target=_blank>lay protective bumpers over the side<\/a>, threatening to \u201cshoulder\u201d American ships in international waters. Our aircraft are violently \u201cthumped\u201d by means of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.navytimes.com\/news\/your-navy\/2018\/11\/05\/russian-fighter-jet-flies-dangerously-close-to-us-airplane-navy-says\/\" target=_blank>reckless flybys<\/a> in international airspace, by both Chinese and Russian interceptors. Meanwhile, our allies increasingly experience encroachments against their sovereignty <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defensenews.com\/naval\/2019\/03\/21\/with-an-eye-to-china-and-russia-the-us-navy-plans-a-lethal-upgrade-to-its-destroyers\/\" target=_blank>by Russian and Chinese actions<\/a> that violate standards of international law, but which fall below the threshold of traditional military conflict. This theater of competition is real, and the stakes are real \u2014 and not just for those in uniform.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-smg-jwplayer-video\"><atype-video-jwplayer nostick=\"true\" playlisturl=\"https:\/\/cdn.jwplayer.com\/v2\/playlists\/fCzRqMW8?tags=16456aaf-cb67-48f7-b9fc-69d3e596fcf4\" poster=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/video-poster-16456aaf-cb67-48f7-b9fc-69d3e596fcf4.png\" aspectratio=\"16 \/ 9\" mute autostart=\"false\"><\/atype-video-jwplayer><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">On Nov. 5, 2018, a U.S. EP-3 Aries aircraft flying in international airspace over the Black Sea was intercepted by a Russian SU-27.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">And these are just the actions we see with our own eyes. Beneath the surface of the ocean, outside the atmosphere and even more prominently in the ever-expanding domain of cyberspace, our adversaries are already engaged in battle against us. Their goals: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/u-s-takes-on-chinas-huawei-in-undersea-battle-over-the-global-internet-grid-11552407466?mod=searchresults&#038;page=1&#038;pos=1\" target=_blank>to steal, deceive, disable, degrade and ultimately destroy our prominence<\/a> as the world\u2019s greatest defender of liberty and free commerce. Our Navy and Marine Corps forces represent that prominence on the front lines of the American way of life, far away from our shores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But now, with 289 ships, our Navy is less than half as large as when it last faced a peer competitor. Meanwhile, U.S. gross domestic product has grown f<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebalance.com\/us-gdp-by-year-3305543\" target=_blank>rom $5 trillion in 1988 to $19.5 trillion<\/a>. Our trade by sea has since tripled, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bts.gov\/content\/us-gross-domestic-product-gdp-attributed-transportation-functions-billions-current-dollars\" target=_blank>from $230 billion to over $880 billion<\/a>. Indeed, the entire global economy relies on the oceans: <a href=\"https:\/\/unctadstat.unctad.org\/wds\/ReportFolders\/reportFolders.aspx\" target=_blank>from over 3,866 million metric tons<\/a> of maritime shipping 30 years ago <a href=\"https:\/\/unctadstat.unctad.org\/wds\/ReportFolders\/reportFolders.aspx\" target=_blank>to 10,665 today<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The changes beneath the surface of the ocean have enabled the entire global economy to be transformed. In 1988, the first fiber-optic cable was laid on the ocean floor. Today, there are over 600. Our global internet now resides almost exclusively on that system, representing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dni.gov\/files\/PE\/Documents\/1---2017-AEP-Threats-to-Undersea-Cable-Communications.pdf\" target=_blank>97 percent<\/a> of all international communications. The data rate along those cables has grown from less than <a href=\"https:\/\/submarine-cable-map-2013.telegeography.com\/\" target=_blank>1 terabyte<\/a> per second three decades ago to 130 terabytes. Every day, over 8,300 financial institutions in over 200 countries send millions of essential messages for purchases and trades. Our own clearing house system processes over $1 trillion per day via undersea cables alone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">And when the Arctic Ocean is fully navigable, major trade routes by sea will be completely reoriented, halving the distance compared to routes using the Suez and Panama canals. Companies will save up to <a href=\"https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/634437\/Future_of_the_sea_-_implications_from_opening_arctic_sea_routes_final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">12 days<\/a> of time, fuel and carrying risk from the United Kingdom to East Asia. Next year, anywhere from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thearcticinstitute.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/The-Future-of-Arctic-Shipping-A-New-Silk-Road-for-China.pdf?x62767\" target=\"_blank\">5 to 15 percent<\/a> of China\u2019s trade, up to almost $1 trillion worth, may transit through the Arctic. That will only increase exponentially in the future. Business models worldwide will count on those savings and invest accordingly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thus, with less than half of the Navy we had 30 years ago, but arguably three times the responsibility, and growing, we must reassert a decisive naval force and its relationship to American prosperity. Without consistent funding streams, a revitalized defense-industrial base and a compelling naval narrative for our citizens, we may be under-resourced to defend the nation\u2019s extensive maritime interests. This is the same Navy-Marine Corps team that must serve as the backbone of our capability to defend our nation abroad, and the invisible means, to most Americans, of how opportunity and freedom are preserved here at home.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To fulfill these grave responsibilities in this new order of global competition, we must also grow to become a different naval force, a stronger and more agile one that supports the kind of American dynamism that continues to lead the world, and we must command the seas to do so.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Given focused engagement by Congress, the Department of Defense, our private sector partners in the shipbuilding sector, and the development of new partners with advanced technologies in unmanned systems and artificial intelligence, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defensenews.com\/digital-show-dailies\/modern-day-marine\/2018\/09\/24\/with-a-big-cash-infusion-congress-is-all-in-on-the-amphibious-navy\/\" target=_blank>a 30 percent increase in ships to 355,<\/a> or probably more, could have a corresponding 300 percent advance in capabilities, when built from the keel up to be distributed, networked and highly agile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Indeed, our rallying cry for this effort should be \u201c355-plus\u201d because the number of ships, while important, is far less important than the mix of capabilities that those ships provide to address threats all along the broad spectrum of competition. Thus we are designing our naval capabilities with lethal purpose, but also far more. This needed growth, both in terms of capacity and creativity, would bring our maritime capabilities more in line with our national economic potential \u2014 as well as our global responsibilities to protect and extend it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The American system, as envisioned by Hamilton and others to this very day, is fairly simple: As our markets grow, so do we. As the seas are free, our entrepreneurial and competitive edge shines. As our naval forces ensure freedom of navigation and commerce, our nation endures and thrives. It is well past time to recognize the vital nature of American sea power for what it is: the force that ensures liberty and prosperity for our own citizens, and extends it beyond our shores. It is time to substantially reinvest in naval power, as we face a future characterized by unpredictability \u2014 an unpredictability that only strong American naval forces can stabilize. To paraphrase Capt. James Lawrence and his battle cry in the War of 1812, our citizenry must recognize that we can never \u201cgive up the ship,\u201d for if we do, we give up the nation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><i>Thomas B. Modly is the undersecretary of the U.S. Navy.<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>With less than half of the Navy we had 30 years ago, but arguably three times the responsibility, and growing, we must reassert a decisive naval force and its relationship to American prosperity.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":56492,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-nofollow":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_acf":"","_yoast_wpseo_primary_category":66,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","_smg_distribution_targets":{"7":{"categories":["your-navy","news","daily-news-roundup","newsletters","middle-column","home","commentary","opinion"],"primary_category":"your-navy"}}},"categories":[66,160,29,162,16,93,36,17],"tags":[],"coauthors":[4339],"class_list":["post-27235","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-commentary","category-daily-news-roundup","category-digital-show-dailies","category-digital-show-daily","category-naval","category-navy-league","category-newsletters","category-opinion"],"acf":{"subheadline":"","legacy_arc_id":"D44RQH4NXRGIDPRA2DNUMROXSE","arc_canonical_url":"\/opinion\/commentary\/2019\/03\/26\/the-enduring-case-for-american-naval-power\/","remove_feature_photo":false,"is_sponsored":false,"subtype":"","redirect_url":"","disable_inline_ads":false,"native_logo_pretext":"Presented By:"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v28.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The enduring case for American naval power - Defense News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"With less than half of the Navy we had 30 years ago, but arguably three times the responsibility, and growing, we must reassert a decisive naval force and its relationship to American prosperity.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The enduring case for American naval power\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"With less than half of the Navy we had 30 years ago, but arguably three times the responsibility, and growing, we must reassert a decisive naval force and its relationship to American prosperity.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/defensenews\/commentary\/2019\/03\/26\/the-enduring-case-for-american-naval-power\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Defense News\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-03-26T18:30:20+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-08-07T22:12:11+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Under Secretary of the Navy Thomas B. Modly\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Under Secretary of the Navy Thomas B. 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