{"id":27514,"date":"2021-07-21T18:02:35","date_gmt":"2021-07-21T18:02:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/defensenews\/uncategorized\/2021\/07\/21\/submarine-industry-is-growing-less-fragile-but-it-needs-stability-going-into-ssnx-increased-repair-work\/"},"modified":"2026-08-07T22:11:13","modified_gmt":"2026-08-07T22:11:13","slug":"submarine-industry-is-growing-less-fragile-but-it-needs-stability-going-into-ssnx-increased-repair-work","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/defensenews\/naval\/2021\/07\/21\/submarine-industry-is-growing-less-fragile-but-it-needs-stability-going-into-ssnx-increased-repair-work\/","title":{"rendered":"Submarine industry is growing less fragile, but it needs stability going into SSN(X), increased repair work"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">WASHINGTON \u2013 The U.S. Navy will ask the submarine industrial base to do a delicate dance in the coming decade: continue building two Virginia-class attack subs a year, ramp up the pace of building the much-larger Columbia-class ballistic missile sub, and begin designing and building the SSN(X) next-generation attack sub, all while restarting a submarine repair capability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An industry leader says the timing should work out nicely to move skilled design and production employees heel-to-toe from one project to the next, as long as the Navy keeps a consistent flow of money to avoid peaks and troughs in workload, and as long as the Navy refines its requirements for SSN(X) sooner rather than later. If that doesn\u2019t happen and employees have to be laid off in between projects, the quality, cost and schedule of future submarine work could be put in jeopardy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The submarine industrial base is fragile today, after a 1970s and 1980s construction boom was followed by minimal construction in the 1990s and early 2000s, leading to challenges as the Navy tries to ramp up attack sub construction while also recapitalizing the ballistic missile submarine fleet \u2013 but General Dynamics Electric Boat President Kevin Graney said he\u2019s confident industry is growing stronger and can meet these increasing requirements from the Navy, if only the Navy and Congress are consistent in their funding over the next decade or two.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cWe\u2019re at a point right now, we\u2019re ready, willing and able to support the growth in the fleet. I think what\u2019s key to that, though, is consistency. We\u2019ve got to make sure that if two Virginia submarines and a Columbia are the way of the future that we maintain that drumbeat. And the reason for that is because our industrial base depends on it. We are a little fragile as we\u2019ve grown to be where we are today. And I think if we can continue consistency, we will grow over time to be much less fragile than I think we have [been],\u201d Graney, whose company is the prime contractor on the Columbia program and one of two lead builders on the Virginia-class SSNs, said during a July 21 panel at the Navy League\u2019s annual Sea Air Space conference virtual prequel event.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In addition to building more submarines than in recent history, Electric Boat and fellow sub-builder Newport News Shipbuilding are being asked to take on more sub repair work, to supplement what the Navy\u2019s four public shipyards can handle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cFrom a maintenance or modernization perspective, I think stability there is also the watchword. From our perspective, that\u2019s a key muscle that we want to continue to keep exercised and supple,\u201d Graney said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">He added that Los Angeles-class attack sub Hartford is at his Connecticut yard now for an engineering overhaul, which was preceded by about a year of planning. This is one area where consistency is pivotal, he said, in no small part to preserve a \u201cworkforce that\u2019s capable of doing some rather detailed planning.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cAs we start to execute Hartford, we need to be planning for the next one and the next one after that. It\u2019s going to do a couple of things for us: it\u2019s going to enable us to keep those muscles supple, particularly with radiological controls, which is not something that a new construction shipyard handles as much of as a maintenance and modernization yard. It also is going to enable us to ramp up our staffing to be able to go support Columbia in the long term, particularly here in Groton, where we\u2019ll do final assembly and tests. \u2026 Consistency and that demand signal is going to help us be able to deliver new construction submarines to the Navy as quickly as we can, and also maintain the existing fleet submarines. I think the good news here is there\u2019s plenty of work to go around for the private yards as well as the public yards as we go forward,\u201d he continued.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"3000\" height=\"1998\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/6358257.jpg.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-43669\" srcset=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/6358257.jpg.jpg 3000w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/6358257.jpg.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/6358257.jpg.jpg?resize=768,511 768w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/6358257.jpg.jpg?resize=1024,682 1024w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/6358257.jpg.jpg?resize=1536,1023 1536w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/6358257.jpg.jpg?resize=2048,1364 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Los Angeles fast attack submarine USS Hartford (SSN 768) is guided out of the floating dry dock, ARDM 4 on Thursday, September 17, 2020 at Submarine Base New London in Groton.  Hartford completed regularly scheduled maintenance while docked.  John Narewski\/US Navy.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Stability came up in a third context during the panel discussion, when Director of Undersea Warfare (OPNAV N97) Rear Adm. William Houston talked about stability in moving directly from designing the Columbia SSBN into designing the next-generation SSN(X).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cWhere SSN(X) is timed is right where we\u2019re coming off that Columbia design team, that very robust design team; we\u2019re going to capitalize on that design team, give that stability. And we\u2019re going to time it such that when Columbia is ramping down in production, we\u2019ll be ramping up in SSN(X) because we\u2019ll have the design and the [research, development, test and evaluation] done,\u201d Houston said, saying the timing was important so that talented design and construction teams can stay in tact as they move from Columbia into SSN(X), rather than industry having to lay off workers and then try to rehire them back later.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Houston described SSN(X) as melding traits from several current and former submarine programs, making the continuity and shared lessons learned all the more important for the success of SSN(X).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cWe are looking at the ultimate apex predator for the maritime domain. It is going to be faster, carry a significant punch, bigger payload, larger salvo rate; it\u2019s going to have acoustic superiority. And simultaneous, we\u2019re going to work on operational availability with respect to maintenance. &#8230; What are we doing, we\u2019re taking what we already know how to do and combining it together.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">He said the Seawolf-class attack submarine was built during the Cold War to have the speed and firepower to go into enemy territory and hunt submarines. The Virginia class was built post-Cold War and meant to have the stealth and sensors to go into shallow waters near shorelines and conduct land-attack strikes or clandestine missions. And the Columbia SSBN is being built to reduce lifecycle maintenance time and cost, with a nuclear reactor that will last the life of the boat instead of requiring a lengthy refueling mid-life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cWe are going to go ahead and put that all together. And that is going to be what I\u2019m going to call SSN(X), the apex predator, because it really needs to be ready for that major combat operations, it\u2019s going to need to be able to go behind enemy lines and deliver that punch. That is going to really, really establish our primacy. It needs to be able to deny an adversary the ability to operate in their bastion regions. And that is what that platform is going to do. And we are confident we\u2019re going to be able to do that because we\u2019ve already built that on those previous platforms. We know how to do that, we just have to mesh it together with one platform. And the systems we have with electronic design tools, the stuff that we\u2019ve already developed, we\u2019re going to capitalize on that,\u201d Houston explained.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Graney, too, noted how one program\u2019s lessons learned and accomplishments can benefit another program, saying that \u201cour experience with Virginia has helped us strengthen supplier capability, capacity and first-time quality\u201d to reduce risk going into Columbia production.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cIt\u2019s also helped us understand and refine fully electronic design and product development software\u201d that are also being used on Columbia and will be used for SSN(X) as well. And \u201cour Virginia orders have supported growing our workforce and establishing partnerships with our state and local entities to increase training opportunities that support proficiency among our employees, along with higher rates of first-time quality\u201d that will improve cost and schedule performance of any submarine program those employees work on.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But, Graney said, the Navy needs to finalize the SSN(X) requirements on time to take advantage of the heel-to-toe efficiencies of using the Columbia design team to design SSN(X), for example.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cThe conversations I\u2019ve had with Adm. Houston have been along the lines with what he just talked about it: it\u2019s about speed, it\u2019s about punching power, and it\u2019s about acoustic superiority. We\u2019d love to see those requirements get settled down, so that we know exactly what we are designing. And I think we\u2019re getting more and more in sync with each passing day, which I think is great. From my perspective, we\u2019ve got the design team coming off of Columbia right now, so they\u2019re a hot hand, having just developed that, and now\u2019s the time to transition to the new SSN(X) design. We\u2019re ready to go,\u201d Graney said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This could become an issue, as Acting Navy Secretary Thomas <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defensenews.com\/naval\/2021\/06\/08\/memo-navy-will-have-to-pick-between-its-future-destroyer-fighter-and-sub-in-fiscal-2023-planning\/\" target=\"_blank\">Harker wrote in a June memo that the Navy may need to prioritize just one major modernization program<\/a> \u2013 either SSN(X), aa next-generation destroyer or a next-generation fighter \u2013 and slow the other two down due to funding constraints.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"7250\" height=\"4839\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/DCS20-376-140.jpg.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-59711\" srcset=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/DCS20-376-140.jpg.jpg 7250w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/DCS20-376-140.jpg.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/DCS20-376-140.jpg.jpg?resize=768,513 768w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/DCS20-376-140.jpg.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/DCS20-376-140.jpg.jpg?resize=1536,1025 1536w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/DCS20-376-140.jpg.jpg?resize=2048,1367 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 7250px) 100vw, 7250px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Using a transfer car system, the Virginia-class submarine Montana (SSN 794) was successfully transferred from a construction facility to a floating dry dock at Newport News Shipbuilding division in preparation for its launch. Photo by Matt Hildreth\/HII.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Many across the Navy, industry and think tanks have worried about the stability of the submarine industrial base, particularly as future fleet plans call for a larger attack submarine fleet \u2013 perhaps around 70 attack subs, compared to today\u2019s 50 \u2013 that the Navy needs to start building sooner rather than later.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Houston, however, expressed confidence that, if industry is given the stability it needs, it can maintain building two SSNs a year now and then ramp up in the immediate aftermath of completing the Columbia SSBN program.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Though some have called for building three SSNs a year to begin this ramp-up \u2013 former Defense Secretary Mark Esper called for moving to three-a-year construction immediately in his October 2020 rollout of a Battle Force 2045 plan, and lawmakers including Rep. Joe Courtney, D-Conn., have also advocated the higher rate \u2013 Chief of Naval Operations Adm. Mike Gilday said earlier this year it would take a $2 billion investment in shipyard infrastructure and workforce to enable three-a-year attack sub construction alongside Columbia construction. Houston says that\u2019s not necessary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cIf you go to three per year to try and peak on submarines with Virginia, being a 33-year life-of -hip platform, we start building three per year, you\u2019re ending up with a force structure of 99 [compared to the requirement for around 70]. And so as we\u2019re reconstituting Colombia and building two Virginia\u2019s per year, when the last Colombia hull is delivered, or even actually commenced construction in \u201935, we\u2019re going to have significant capacity then. So we have the capability to go the three per year right now; the issue is is that we\u2019ve got Columbia under construction. So we\u2019re just doing that balancing right now,\u201d he said, suggesting that 2035 would be the better time for looking at increasing SSN construction rates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cWe\u2019re concentrating on doing the Columbia and two Virginias per year, we\u2019re looking how we can get up to three. But we\u2019re sure that when Colombia, that last hull is under construction, we\u2019re going to have significant capacity. When you take a look at a Virginia Block V, it\u2019s about 10,000 tons \u2013 it\u2019s about half of a Columbia right now. So every Columbia that\u2019s being constructed is really the equivalent in size of two Virginias So right now, with the first hull under construction and two Virginias being appropriated and authorized this year, we\u2019re essentially building four equivalent Virginias. So the capacity is there. It\u2019s more about the stability and avoiding\u201d the bust-boom cycles of submarine acquisition the Navy has seen in the past.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Consistent funding will help the submarine industrial base accomplish the delicate task of maintaining today\u2019s construction requirement while also providing increased submarine maintenance capacity and designing the SSN(X) next-generation attack submarine, industry and U.S. Navy leaders said.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":59706,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-nofollow":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_acf":"","_yoast_wpseo_primary_category":16,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","_smg_distribution_targets":[]},"categories":[160,29,162,16,93,36],"tags":[],"coauthors":[3354],"class_list":["post-27514","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-daily-news-roundup","category-digital-show-dailies","category-digital-show-daily","category-naval","category-navy-league","category-newsletters"],"acf":{"subheadline":"","legacy_arc_id":"KLU7PIDME5ACFAIEJPNNJ3PYUU","arc_canonical_url":"\/naval\/2021\/07\/21\/submarine-industry-is-growing-less-fragile-but-it-needs-stability-going-into-ssnx-increased-repair-work\/","remove_feature_photo":false,"is_sponsored":false,"subtype":"","redirect_url":"","disable_inline_ads":false,"native_logo_pretext":"Presented By:"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v28.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Submarine industry is growing less fragile, but it needs stability going into SSN(X), increased repair work - Defense News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Consistent funding will help the submarine industrial base accomplish the delicate task of maintaining today\u2019s construction requirement while also providing increased submarine maintenance capacity and designing the SSN(X) next-generation attack submarine, industry and U.S. Navy leaders said.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Submarine industry is growing less fragile, but it needs stability going into SSN(X), increased repair work\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Consistent funding will help the submarine industrial base accomplish the delicate task of maintaining today\u2019s construction requirement while also providing increased submarine maintenance capacity and designing the SSN(X) next-generation attack submarine, industry and U.S. Navy leaders said.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/defensenews\/naval\/2021\/07\/21\/submarine-industry-is-growing-less-fragile-but-it-needs-stability-going-into-ssnx-increased-repair-work\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Defense News\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-07-21T18:02:35+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-08-07T22:11:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Megan Eckstein\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written 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