{"id":42980,"date":"2018-11-13T15:42:32","date_gmt":"2018-11-13T15:42:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/defensenews\/uncategorized\/2018\/11\/13\/the-militarys-chaff-and-flare-industry-is-on-fragile-ground\/"},"modified":"2026-08-07T23:38:08","modified_gmt":"2026-08-07T23:38:08","slug":"the-militarys-chaff-and-flare-industry-is-on-fragile-ground","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/defensenews\/industry\/2018\/11\/13\/the-militarys-chaff-and-flare-industry-is-on-fragile-ground\/","title":{"rendered":"The US military\u2019s chaff and flare industry is on fragile ground"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">WASHINGTON \u2014 The two companies responsible for producing chaff and flares for U.S. military aircraft could be poised for a major shakeup, and the Pentagon and congressional critics have begun sounding the alarm about this small, vulnerable segment of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defensenews.com\/opinion\/2018\/10\/05\/the-decline-of-the-defense-industrial-base-and-what-to-do-about-it\/\" target=_blank>defense-industrial base<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In an October report to the White House on the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defensenews.com\/smr\/defense-news-conference\/2018\/09\/05\/defense-industrial-base-study-finally-coming-next-week\/\" target=\"_blank\">health of the defense-industrial base<\/a>, the Pentagon relayed concerns about the small number of domestic chaff and flare producers, and stated that weakened demand \u2014 especially for flares \u2014 could leave companies little incentive to make internal investments.<\/p>\n\n\n\t<aside class=\"smg-interstitial-link wp-block-smg-interstitial-link\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/defensenews\/pentagon\/2018\/10\/04\/white-house-warns-of-domestic-extinction-of-suppliers-in-industrial-base-report-and-dod-is-ready-to-help-with-cash\/\" class=\"smg-interstitial-link__inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"smg-interstitial-link__media\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/4419918.jpg.jpg?w=300\" class=\"smg-interstitial-link__image wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"smg-interstitial-link__content\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"smg-interstitial-link__kicker\">Related<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"smg-interstitial-link__title\">White House warns of \u2018domestic extinction\u2019 of suppliers in industrial base report &#8211; and DoD is ready to help with cash<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"smg-interstitial-link__excerpt\">The Trump administration&#039;s long-awaited defense industrial base report is finally out.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/aside>\n\t\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Only one producer of chaff exists in the United States: Esterline Defense Technologies, also known as Armtec.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Esterline, which also makes flares, is joined by one other domestic flare manufacturer: Kilgore Flares Co., a part of Chemring Countermeasures USA, which itself is a subsidiary of a firm based in the United Kingdom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This already precarious industrial situation may be further rattled by TransDigm Group Inc.\u2019s proposed acquisition of Esterline, two lawmakers said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In an Oct. 29 letter to Defense Secretary Jim Mattis, Reps. Jackie Speier, D-Calif., and Walter Jones, R-NC, called on the Defense Department to block the deal until its inspector general completed an investigation into TransDigm\u2019s business practices. The letter was first reported by The Capitol Forum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cTransDigm has repeatedly purchased companies that are the sole providers of Department of Defense items and engaged in price gouging,\u201d Speier and Jones wrote. \u201cThe abuses have been sufficiently common and severe enough to warrant a DoD inspector general investigation. Unsurprisingly, Esterline is the sole DoD chaff provider and one of two flare providers. The alarm bells should be ringing.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The industrial base issues, however, extend far beyond TransDigm\u2019s proposed acquisition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><b>A small but critical market<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Chaff and flare are countermeasures used by military planes and helicopters to help evade a missile attack by an enemy aircraft. For the non-stealthy fourth-generation assets that make up the bulk of the services\u2019 inventory, these systems are pivotal to that aircraft\u2019s defense.<\/p>\n\n\n\t<aside class=\"smg-interstitial-link wp-block-smg-interstitial-link\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/defensenews\/pentagon\/2018\/05\/22\/americas-industrial-base-is-at-risk-and-the-military-may-feel-the-consequences\/\" class=\"smg-interstitial-link__inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"smg-interstitial-link__media\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"175\" src=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/KC-46-Line-1.jpg.jpg?w=300\" class=\"smg-interstitial-link__image wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"smg-interstitial-link__content\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"smg-interstitial-link__kicker\">Related<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"smg-interstitial-link__title\">America\u2019s industrial base is at risk, and the military may feel the consequences<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"smg-interstitial-link__excerpt\">America&#039;s aging workforce could limit the Pentagon&#039;s ability to keep up with other nations, a new government report warns.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/aside>\n\t\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Chaff \u2014 which comprises \u201cmillions of tiny aluminum or zinc-coated fibers\u201d \u2014 is stored onboard an aircraft in tubes and ejected behind the plane to confuse radar-guided missiles, the Pentagon\u2019s defense-industrial base report stated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Meanwhile, flares distract heat-seeking, infrared-guided missiles \u201cby ejecting magnesium pellets from tubes to ignite in the wake behind an aircraft,\u201d the report states. Those pellets are so hot \u2014 more than 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit \u2014 that the temperature exceeds that of the aircraft\u2019s engine or exhaust, tricking an infrared-guided missile about the path of the aircraft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">According to the industrial base report, \u201cdefense unique requirements and decreasing DoD demand drove out other suppliers, leaving a single qualified source for chaff.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Peter Navarro, the White House\u2019s director of the Office of Trade and Manufacturing Policy, called attention to the fragile chaff supply base during a Nov. 9 speech at the Center of Strategic and International Studies, calling it a \u201csingle point of failure.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Meanwhile, the outlook for flare companies seems even more grim, with the report noting a number of explosions that had plagued both Esterline and Kilgore over the past several years, often leading to factorywide shutdowns that delayed deliveries of product to the Defense Department.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cBoth companies have experienced quality and delivery problems since the accidents,\u201d the report stated. \u201cAs program offices look to improve quality and cost, they are beginning to look offshore at more modern facilities, where there are fewer quality and safety concerns.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\t<aside class=\"smg-interstitial-link wp-block-smg-interstitial-link\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/defensenews\/pentagon\/2018\/11\/02\/pentagon-predicts-a-third-of-industrial-base-gaps-could-be-addressed-in-one-year\/\" class=\"smg-interstitial-link__inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"smg-interstitial-link__media\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"185\" src=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/GettyImages-896286996.jpg.jpg?w=300\" class=\"smg-interstitial-link__image wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"smg-interstitial-link__content\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"smg-interstitial-link__kicker\">Related<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"smg-interstitial-link__title\">Pentagon predicts a third of industrial base gaps could be addressed in one year<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"smg-interstitial-link__excerpt\">There are 300 critical weak spots for the defense-industrial base, per a U.S. government report.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/aside>\n\t\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One of the biggest problems facing chaff and flare manufacturers is the fluctuating demand signal from the Defense Department \u2014 their only customer for the product \u2014 based on the military\u2019s operational needs, the Association of Old Crows, a professional organization centered on electronic warfare and other countermeasures, said in a statement to Defense News.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cSpending on countermeasures flares in the U.S. and among several NATO allies surged during Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom and then dropped sharply as these conflicts reduced their operations tempo or wound down,\u201d the organization stated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cThe industrial base is small, yet it must be able to meet big fluctuations in customer demand. This creates a tremendous challenge that could be managed more successfully with better coordination among U.S. military customers or even between NATO partners.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"4719\" height=\"3221\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/954154.jpg.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-83682\" srcset=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/954154.jpg.jpg 4719w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/954154.jpg.jpg?resize=300,205 300w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/954154.jpg.jpg?resize=768,524 768w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/954154.jpg.jpg?resize=1024,699 1024w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/954154.jpg.jpg?resize=1536,1048 1536w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/954154.jpg.jpg?resize=2048,1398 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 4719px) 100vw, 4719px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Staff Sgt. Brian Chatham and Rashid Harris, 455th Expeditionary Aircraft Maintenance Squadron weapons load crew chiefs, arm an A-10C Thunderbolt II aircraft with a flare on Bagram Air Field, Afghanistan, June 11. Flares are a defensive mechanism used to avoid detection and attacks by enemy air defense system. (Staff Sgt. Stephenie Wade\/U.S. Air Force)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><b>A history of safety issues and scandal<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Though chaff and flare companies usually fly under the radar of the defense trade press, when they do appear in the media, it\u2019s usually related to life-threatening accidents at manufacturing facilities or the like.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In May 2016, Esterline was forced to temporarily halt operations at its plant in East Camden, Arkansas, after an explosion injured two employees. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.eldoradonews.com\/news\/2016\/may\/26\/explosion-esterline-camden-leaves-two-injured\/\" target=_blank>Local newspaper El Dorado News Times reported<\/a> that one of the victims suffered \u201ca blast to the face,\u201d which left burns on the hands, chest and face, and took shrapnel to the elbow, according to a Facebook post by the victim\u2019s relative.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kilgore Flares also sustained several high-profile accidents in recent years, most notably a 2014 explosion that killed one employee at its factory in Toone, Tennessee. The same plant was the site of a 2016 explosion where no one was injured, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wbbjtv.com\/2016\/01\/26\/security-confirms-fire-at-chemring-kilgore-flares-plant-in-hardeman-county\/\" target=\"_blank\">according to WBBJ 7 Eyewitness News<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">According to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.osha.gov\/pls\/imis\/establishment.inspection_detail?id=317648285\" target=_blank>Occupational Safety and Health Administration investigation<\/a> of the 2014 incident, the worker had been removing residual flare materials that ignited, prompting the explosion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cThe investigation identified noncompliance in process safety information, process hazard analysis and \u2026 operating procedures. The employee suffered severe burns on multiple areas of his body and was transported to a hospital, where he received medical treatment and burn therapy, but died from his injuries,\u201d the administration had said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kilgore also came under the scrutiny of the U.S. Justice Department in 2016 for selling the Army flares made with magnesium that a supplier \u2014 ESM Group Inc. \u2014 illegally imported from China. The company was fined $8 million for violating a requirement that all magnesium used to make flares be sourced from American or Canadian suppliers, reported the <a href=\"https:\/\/wreg.com\/2016\/03\/28\/kilgore-to-pay-8-million-for-selling-defective-flares-to-the-army\/\" target=\"_blank\">Memphis-based CBS affiliate WREG<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kilgore and Esterline did not respond to multiple requests for comment.<\/p>\n\n\n\t<aside class=\"smg-interstitial-link wp-block-smg-interstitial-link\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/defensenews\/industry\/2018\/09\/24\/defense-industry-fighting-dod-proposal-to-change-performance-payments\/\" class=\"smg-interstitial-link__inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"smg-interstitial-link__media\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/LordResize.jpg.jpg?w=300\" class=\"smg-interstitial-link__image wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"smg-interstitial-link__content\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"smg-interstitial-link__kicker\">Related<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"smg-interstitial-link__title\">Defense industry fighting DoD proposal to change performance payments<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"smg-interstitial-link__excerpt\">DoD&#039;s Ellen Lord has a way to incentivize better contract performance, but industry is rebelling.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/aside>\n\t\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pat Kumashiro, former head of the maintenance division for the Air Force\u2019s Logistics, Engineering and Force Protection Directorate and currently director of the Air Force market at LMI, said China is paying attention to weaknesses in the American defense-industrial base.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cThey are pretty savvy as it relates to understanding global supply chains, and when they have opportunities <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defensenews.com\/industry\/2018\/07\/09\/rebuild-the-us-minerals-supply-chain-before-its-too-late\/\" target=_blank>to buy mineral rights<\/a> \u2014 and you see them doing a lot of work and being very aggressive in Africa \u2014 they are doing it for a reason,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If an adversary such as Russia or China identifies that there are a limited number of sources for chaff and flare, they can find ways to impact U.S. suppliers \u2014 which in turn degrades the mission capability of fourth-generation planes, Kumashiro said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cOperational pilots are not going to go into harm\u2019s way without an operational chaff [and] flare system,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"4434\" height=\"2900\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/3747465.jpg.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-50165\" srcset=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/3747465.jpg.jpg 4434w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/3747465.jpg.jpg?resize=300,196 300w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/3747465.jpg.jpg?resize=768,502 768w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/3747465.jpg.jpg?resize=1024,670 1024w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/3747465.jpg.jpg?resize=1536,1005 1536w, https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/3747465.jpg.jpg?resize=2048,1339 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 4434px) 100vw, 4434px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Two F-15E Strike Eagles fire flares over Iraq during a mission in support of Operation Inherent Resolve, on Sept. 6, 2017. (Staff Sgt. Trevor T. McBride\/U.S. Air Force)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><b>The evolving landscape for chaff and flare<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Big changes appear to be coming down the pipeline for both Esterline and Kilgore Flares.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For the former, the question is whether the Defense Department allows TransDigm to acquire Esterline.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;Our general goal in this area is to promote competition among contractors but also ensure that DoD is paying fair prices for the best, most usable products that it can get,\u201d a staff member of Rep. Speier told Defense News.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But Speier and his colleague Jones believe TransDigm could artificially inflate prices by claiming there is a commercial market for those products, which would limit the ability of Defense Department procurement officers to have full access to pricing data, the staffer said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Should the Defense Department decide to allow the TransDigm deal to go forward, Speier may push to add language to next year\u2019s defense authorization bill that would pose additional limitations on what products are deemed \u201ccommercial,\u201d or it could call on the Pentagon to study the level of competition throughout the industrial base, the staffer said.<\/p>\n\n\n\t<aside class=\"smg-interstitial-link wp-block-smg-interstitial-link\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/defensenews\/smr\/defense-news-conference\/2018\/09\/05\/trump-dod-official-wants-safe-space-for-defense-industrial-base-cooperation\/\" class=\"smg-interstitial-link__inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"smg-interstitial-link__media\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"192\" src=\"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/3770295.jpg.jpg?w=300\" class=\"smg-interstitial-link__image wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"smg-interstitial-link__content\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"smg-interstitial-link__kicker\">Related<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"smg-interstitial-link__title\">DoD official wants \u2018safe space\u2019 for defense-industrial base cooperation<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"smg-interstitial-link__excerpt\">A Pentagon official sees challenges for international defense-industrial base cooperation.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/aside>\n\t\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For Kilgore Flares, the changes appear to be more conventionally positive. This May, Chemring Group said it would spend $40 million to expand Kilgore\u2019s production facility in Toone and grow the plant\u2019s employment numbers from about 280 to 375 people.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From 2018-2022, the company plans to improve existing facilities, construct new buildings and buy modern equipment, including a new flare extruder and assembly facility, the <a href=\"https:\/\/businessfacilities.com\/2018\/05\/chemring-group-expanding-toone-tn-kilgore-flares-facility\/\" target=\"_blank\">company said in a news release<\/a>. In total, those expenditures will triple the plant\u2019s production capacity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kilgore\u2019s investment may indicate that chaff and flare manufacturers see some relief on the horizon. Industry officials who spoke to Defense News about this sector said they were hopeful the Defense Department\u2019s industrial base report could indicate a heightened level of Pentagon interest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The department already has certain levers it can pull to address problems in its supply base. One such effort, called the Industrial Base Analysis and Sustainment program, involves targeted investments to sustain certain manufacturers who produce a critical capability. Another resource is the Defense Production Act Title III program, which offers grants, purchase commitments, loans or loan guarantees to portions of the industrial base that are weakening.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Defense Department called for an expansion of those programs in recommendations to the White House submitted as part of the industrial base report. A classified annex also includes detailed fixes for certain critical industries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">So far, however, it\u2019s unclear what assistance could be coming down the pipeline for the chaff and flare industry.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The military faces an uncertain future for an industry that is alarmingly small and fraught with safety 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By:"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v28.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The US military\u2019s chaff and flare industry is on fragile ground - Defense News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The military faces an uncertain future for an industry that is alarmingly small and fraught with safety concerns.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The US military\u2019s chaff and flare industry is on fragile ground\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The military faces an uncertain future for an industry that is alarmingly small and fraught with safety concerns.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" 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