{"id":47637,"date":"2023-07-07T20:20:00","date_gmt":"2023-07-07T20:20:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/defensenews\/uncategorized\/2023\/07\/07\/white-house-defends-giving-cluster-bombs-to-ukraine\/"},"modified":"2026-08-08T15:44:14","modified_gmt":"2026-08-08T15:44:14","slug":"white-house-defends-giving-cluster-bombs-to-ukraine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/defensenews\/global\/the-americas\/2023\/07\/07\/white-house-defends-giving-cluster-bombs-to-ukraine\/","title":{"rendered":"White House defends giving cluster bombs to Ukraine"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
WASHINGTON \u2014 The Biden administration will provide cluster munitions to Ukraine, national security adviser Jake Sullivan said Friday, vowing the U.S. will not leave Ukraine defenseless and asserting that Kyiv has promised to use the controversial bombs carefully.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The decision comes on the eve of the NATO summit in Lithuania, where President Joe Biden is likely to face questions from allies on why the U.S. would send a weapon into Ukraine that more than two-thirds of alliance members have banned because it has a track record for causing many civilian casualties. And it was met with divided reactions from Congress, as some Democrats criticized the plan while some Republicans backed it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The munitions \u2014 which are bombs that open in the air and release scores of smaller bomblets \u2014 are seen by the U.S. as a way to get Kyiv critically needed ammunition to help bolster its offensive and push through Russian front lines. U.S. leaders debated the thorny issue for months, before Biden made the final decision this week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sullivan defended the decision, saying the U.S. will send a version of the munition that has a reduced \u201cdud rate,\u201d meaning fewer of the smaller bomblets fail to explode. The unexploded rounds, which often litter battlefields and populated civilian areas, cause unintended deaths. U.S. officials have said the U.S. will provide thousands of the rounds, but provided no specific numbers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cWe recognize the cluster munitions create a risk of civilian harm from unexploded ordnance,\u201d he told a White House briefing. \u201cThis is why we\u2019ve deferred the decision for as long as we could. But there is also a massive risk of civilian harm if Russian troops and tanks roll over Ukrainian positions and take more Ukrainian territory and subjugate more Ukrainian civilians, because Ukraine does not have enough artillery. That is intolerable to us.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
But Marta Hurtado, speaking for the U.N. human rights office, said Friday \u201cthe use of such munitions should stop immediately and not be used in any place.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\nA cluster bomb, including its bomblets, is on display at the Spreewerk ISL Integrated Solutions weapons decommissioning facility near Luebben June 23, 2009. (AFP via Getty Images)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Colin Kahl, the under secretary of defense for policy, said the U.S. will give Ukraine the most modern cluster munitions that have far lower dud rates. He said the bombs have been tested five times between 1998 and 2020, and the U.S. is confident the rate of unexploded duds is below 2.35 percent. While he declined to say how many the U.S. will send now, he said the U.S. has \u201chundreds of thousands\u201d of cluster munitions available for Ukraine at the low dud rate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
He said the key reason to provide the bombs is to keep Ukraine in the fight.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cThings are going a little slower than some had hoped,\u201d Kahl said in a Pentagon briefing. \u201cSo this is to make sure that the Ukrainians have the confidence that they have what they need. But frankly, also that the Russians know that the Ukrainians are going to stay in the game.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kahl said the Ukrainians have provided written assurances that they will not use the munitions in urban areas that are populated by civilians and that there will be a careful accounting of where they are employed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Questioned at length about the decision, Sullivan said the U.S. consulted closely with allies before making the final decision, noting that even allies who have signed on to a ban of the bombs \u201chave indicated, both privately and many of them publicly over the course of today, that they understand our decision.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Allies \u201crecognize the difference between Russia using its cluster munitions to attack Ukraine and Ukraine using cluster munitions to defend itself its citizens and its sovereign territory,\u201d he said. The U.S. \u201cwill not leave Ukraine defenseless at any point in this conflict, period.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Still, U.S. reaction was mixed. Rep. Betty McCollum, D-Minn., called the decision \u201cunnecessary and a terrible mistake.\u201d And Rep. Jim McGovern, D-Mass., said the civilian risk lingers \u201coften long after a conflict is over.\u201d Meanwhile, Sen. Tom Cotton, R-Arkansas, backed the move, saying Ukraine needs access to weapons Russia already is using.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
According to the International Committee of the Red Cross, some cluster munitions leave behind bomblets that have a high rate of failure to explode \u2014 up to 40% in some cases. With a claimed rate under 3% for the supply to Ukraine, U.S. officials said there would be fewer unexploded bombs left behind to harm civilians.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A convention banning the use of cluster bombs has been joined by more than 120 countries that agreed not to use, produce, transfer or stockpile the weapons and to clear them after they\u2019ve been used. The United States, Russia and Ukraine are among those who have not signed on.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ryan Brobst, a research analyst for the Foundation for Defense of Democracies, said that while the majority of NATO members have signed on to the cluster munitions ban, several of those nearest Russia \u2014 Estonia, Latvia, Poland, Romania and Turkey \u2014 have not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cThe most important of those are Poland and Romania,\u201d Brobst said, noting that the U.S. weapons will probably go through those countries en route to Ukraine. \u201cWhile some allies raise objections, this is not going to prevent (cluster munitions) from being transferred into Ukraine.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The cluster munitions are included in a new $800 million package of military aid the U.S. will send to Ukraine. Friday\u2019s package, drawn from Pentagon stocks, will also include Bradley and Stryker armored vehicles and an array of ammunition, such as rounds for howitzers and the High Mobility Artillery Rocket System, officials said.<\/p>\n\n\n\nThe remains of a Russian missile that dropped cluster bombs in a residential housing complex is lodged in the ground near the complex on June 27, 2022 in Sloviansk, Ukraine. (Photo by Scott Olson\/Getty Images)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Providing the cluster bombs will also ease the pressure on limited U.S. ammunition stockpiles. The U.S. has been taking massive amounts of 155 mm rounds from Pentagon stocks and sending them to Ukraine, creating concerns about eating into American stores. The cluster munitions, which are fired by the same artillery as the conventional 155 mm, will give Ukraine a highly lethal capability and also allow them to strike more Russian targets using fewer rounds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kahl said the cluster bombs are not a permanent solution, but more of \u201ca bridge\u201d as the U.S. and allies work to increase the production of the 155 mm rounds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
So far the reactions from allies have been muted. NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg stressed on Friday that the military alliance takes no position on cluster munitions and it is a decision that allies will make. And Germany, which has signed the ban treaty, said it won\u2019t provide the bombs to Ukraine, but expressed understanding for the American position.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cWe\u2019re certain that our U.S. friends didn\u2019t take the decision about supplying such ammunition lightly,\u201d German government spokesman Steffen Hebestreit told reporters in Berlin. \u201cWe need to remember once again that Russia has already used cluster ammunition at a large scale in its illegal war of aggression against Ukraine.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Oleksandra Ustinova, a member of Ukraine\u2019s parliament who has been advocating that Washington send more weapons, noted that Ukrainian forces have had to disable mines from much of the territory they are winning back from Russia. As part of that process, Ukrainians will also be able to catch any unexploded ordnance from cluster munitions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The last large-scale American use of cluster bombs was during the 2003 invasion of Iraq, according to the Pentagon. But U.S. forces considered them a key weapon during the invasion of Afghanistan in 2001, according to Human Rights Watch. In the first three years of that conflict, it is estimated the U.S.-led coalition dropped more than 1,500 cluster bombs in Afghanistan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
AP Diplomatic Writer Matthew Lee and Associated Press writers Geir Moulson, Ellen Knickmeyer, Lorne Cook, Nomaan Merchant and Frank Jordans contributed to this report.<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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