{"id":64410,"date":"2023-02-08T17:19:34","date_gmt":"2023-02-08T17:19:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/defensenews\/uncategorized\/2023\/02\/08\/how-the-us-navy-is-creating-the-nirvana-of-one-combat-system\/"},"modified":"2026-08-08T00:48:56","modified_gmt":"2026-08-08T00:48:56","slug":"how-the-us-navy-is-creating-the-nirvana-of-one-combat-system","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/defensenews\/naval\/2023\/02\/08\/how-the-us-navy-is-creating-the-nirvana-of-one-combat-system\/","title":{"rendered":"How the US Navy is creating the \u2018nirvana of one combat system\u2019"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

ARLINGTON, Va. \u2014 The U.S. Navy is considering how best to equip ships and sailors to take advantage of fleetwide connectivity that Project Overmatch<\/a> will provide. At the heart of this is the Integrated Combat System, a single hardware-agnostic software suite<\/a> that all ships can pull from to conduct missions alone or in a group.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The service is still in the early stages of developing its Integrated Combat System, something that the director of surface warfare says is a concept today but should translate to a program of record within the next two or three years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cICS will enable a surface action group, a strike group and a fleet \u2014 or any combination of Integrated Combat System-equipped ships \u2014 to operate as a single system, to become a system of systems,\u201d Rear Adm. Fred Pyle said Feb. 1 at an American Society of Naval Engineers conference in Arlington, Virginia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The warfighting value of the Integrated Combat System is its ability to deliver decision superiority at machine speed, he added. The business case is that it will allow the Navy to deliver future capabilities via software uploads rather than expensive hardware installations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The key to this \u201cparadigm shift\u201d \u2014 of connecting a group of ships and allowing their combat systems to collectively agree on a best course of action based on ships\u2019 locations, munitions stocks and other factors \u2014 is the aids that will help humans make rapid decisions, Pyle explained.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe ability for a decision-maker \u2014 whether they\u2019re in the fleet, whether they\u2019re in a strike group, whether they\u2019re in … a maritime operations center, or whether they\u2019re sitting on a cruiser \u2014 to be able to pair any sensor to any shooter, that\u2019s pretty powerful,\u201d he told Defense News during the conference.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Ensign Nancy Smith uses a radio aboard the destroyer Benfold to speak with a marine patrol craft. (MC1 Benjamin Dobbs\/U.S. Navy)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Bryan Clark, a naval operations expert with the Hudson Institute think tank, recently told Defense News that Project Overmatch has shifted its focus from communications to command and control.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

That includes the development of \u201ccommand-and-control tools that we want to give commanders so they can use the communications they have available to them to formulate courses of action,\u201d he said, \u201cand then implement those at a scale and tempo that maybe the opponent can\u2019t keep up with.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These tools don\u2019t include a lot of artificial intelligence yet, he added, but perhaps enough machine learning to help the tools weed out ideas that haven\u2019t worked or weren\u2019t previously selected. They do, however, rely on modeling and simulation to pitch possible actions to the user.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The value, Clark said, is that U.S. adversaries like China will expect American naval formations to behave in predictable ways in line with established doctrine. \u201cIf we can create more unpredictability, then that\u2019s going to introduce more uncertainty and potentially better deter China,\u201d he noted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Clark said the Defense Department has made early investments in decision aids. For example, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency created an artificial intelligence program that can win dogfights in the air; that could be turned into an autopilot tool for pilots in air-to-air combat. Other decision aids are aimed at Marine Corps platoon commanders, as the service pushes more data and sensors down to the unit level.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Project Overmatch evolves, Clark said, the Navy will likely increase investments in the decision aids that will accompany the increased connectivity between ships.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pyle said his aim for these aids, as they related to the Integrated Combat System, will be to help humans across ships work together at machine speed. Today, ships within a battle group share domain awareness, targeting information and more, but not always fast enough. With their combat systems fully netted together and each ship able to see what the others see, decision aids will help humans take full advantage of that connectivity to identify \u201cthe best option for the highest probability of success available for an engagement.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This range of options will eventually include the expenditure of missiles across ships, as well as directed-energy weapons<\/a> and jamming capabilities available throughout the battle group.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As for the business case \u2014 being able to more rapidly and inexpensively field new capabilities \u2014 the Navy and its contractors are working to decouple hardware from software within traditional combat systems: the Aegis Combat System for surface combatants, and the Ship Self-Defense System for amphibious ships and aircraft carriers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pyle said the military was slow to adopt software innovations from industry, but that it was now working to create a better software environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Joe DePietro, Lockheed Martin\u2019s vice president and general manager for naval combat and missile defense systems, told Defense News the company is already supporting the Integrated Combat System.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

When it comes to decoupling hardware from software, Lockheed is now delivering containerized and virtualized software<\/a> that can run from a computer server much smaller than what currently resides on Navy ships. The service hopes it can periodically replace servers in a hardware refresh, but also separately push software updates whenever it wants to send out a fix or a new capability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
A missile is launched from the destroyer John Finn, a U.S. Navy ship equipped with the Aegis ballistic missile defense system. (Courtesy of the U.S. Missile Defense Agency)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

DePietro said in a December interview that this decoupling allows the Navy to move to an information-as-a-service model, where ships don\u2019t have to store the entire software library onboard but rather could pull what is needed on demand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lockheed in 2022 completed an effort to transition both Aegis and the Ship Self-Defense System into a continuous integration\/continuous delivery pipeline, which includes tools to pull just the right pieces of software needed to conduct a certain mission, DePietro said. These tools can speed up testing and integration efforts by weeks and months, and they support the information-as-a-service model for the Integrated Combat System.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pyle said at the conference that these and other related efforts would \u201cdeliver the software to achieve the merger of Aegis, SSDS and other systems we have out there, so we get to that nirvana of one combat system.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Navy is working to decouple software from hardware and is developing decision aids to support the Integrated Combat 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