{"id":31862,"date":"2026-02-26T18:55:52","date_gmt":"2026-02-26T18:55:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/federaltimes\/uncategorized\/2026\/02\/26\/what-to-know-about-defense-protection-act-and-the-pentagons-anthropic-ultimatum\/"},"modified":"2026-08-08T17:29:07","modified_gmt":"2026-08-08T17:29:07","slug":"what-to-know-about-defense-protection-act-and-the-pentagons-anthropic-ultimatum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/one.sightlinemg.com\/federaltimes\/defense\/2026\/02\/26\/what-to-know-about-defense-protection-act-and-the-pentagons-anthropic-ultimatum\/","title":{"rendered":"What to know about Defense Protection Act and the Pentagon\u2019s Anthropic ultimatum"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth<\/a> gave Anthropic<\/a> an ultimatum this week: Open its artificial intelligence<\/a> technology for unrestricted military use by Friday, or risk losing its government contract.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Defense officials in the Trump<\/a> administration also warned they could designate Anthropic, which makes the AI chatbot Claude, as a supply chain risk \u2014 or invoke a Cold War-era law called the Defense Production Act<\/a> to give the military more sweeping authority to use its products, even if the company doesn\u2019t approve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some experts say that using the law this way would be unprecedented, and could bring future legal challenges. The government\u2019s efforts to essentially force Anthropic\u2019s hand also underscore a wider, contentious debate over AI\u2019s role in national security<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Here\u2019s what we know.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What is the Defense Production Act?<\/b><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

The Defense Production Act gives the federal government broad authority to direct private companies to meet the needs of national defense.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The act was signed by President Harry S. Truman in 1950, amid concerns about supplies and equipment during the Korean War. But over its now decades-long history, the law\u2019s powers have been invoked not only in times of war but also for domestic emergency preparedness as well as recovery from terrorist attacks and natural disasters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

One of the act\u2019s provisions allows the president to require companies to prioritize government contracts and orders deemed necessary for national defense, with the goal of ensuring the private sector is producing enough goods needed to meet a war effort or other national emergency. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Other provisions give the president the ability to use loans and additional incentives to increase production of critical goods, and authorize the government to establish voluntary agreements with private industry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The DPA is \u201cone of the government\u2019s most powerful and adaptable industrial policy tools,\u201d said Joel Dodge, an attorney and the director of industrial policy and economic security at the Vanderbilt Policy Accelerator.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Dario Amodei, CEO and co-founder of Anthropic. (Markus Schreiber\/AP)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Anthropic is the last of its AI peers to not supply its technology to a new U.S. military internal network. Its CEO Dario Amodei repeatedly has made clear his ethical concerns about unchecked government use of AI, including the dangers of fully autonomous armed drones and of AI-assisted mass surveillance that could track dissent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Defense Department is considering invoking the DPA to give the military more authority to use Anthropic\u2019s products, even if the company doesn\u2019t approve of how, according to a person familiar with the matter and a senior Pentagon official. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

That could mean forcing Anthropic to adapt its model to the Pentagon\u2019s needs without built-in safety limits, or remove certain ethical restrictions from the company\u2019s contract language.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Experts like Dodge say both would be \u201cwithout precedent under the history of the DPA.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cIt\u2019s a powerful law,\u201d he said. \u201d(But) it has never been used to compel a company to produce a product that it\u2019s deemed unsafe, or to dictate its terms of service.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

How has this law been used in the past?<\/b><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Trump in his first term and former President Joe Biden invoked the DPA to boost supplies to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. And during 2022\u2019s nationwide baby formula shortage, Biden used the law to speed production of formula and authorize flights to import supply from overseas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Biden also invoked the DPA in a 2023 executive order on AI, notably in efforts to require that companies share safety test results and other information with the government. Trump repealed the order at the start of his second term.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Decades ago, the administrations of both President Bill Clinton and George W. Bush used the DPA to ensure that electricity and natural gas shippers continued supplying California utilities amid an energy crisis. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

And the law was used after Hurricane Maria struck Puerto Rico in 2017 to prioritize contracts for food, bottled water, manufactured housing units and the restoration of electrical systems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The DPA requires periodic reauthorization to remain in effect, which can expand or refine the scope of the law. According to congressional documents, its next expiration date is slated for Sept. 30 of this year. And depending on how the Defense Department\u2019s reported demands unfold, Anthropic could be at the top of lawmakers\u2019 minds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Possible next steps for Anthropic<\/b><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

If the Defense Department uses the DPA provision aimed at prioritizing government contracts and ordering production of certain goods \u2014 which the Anthropic case suggests it will \u2014 a company can push back if the requested product isn\u2019t something it already produces, Dodge and others say, or if it deems the terms to be unreasonable. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

But the government may try and overrule that, notes Charlie Bullock, senior research fellow at the Institute for Law & AI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cIf neither side backs down, it seems realistic that there would be litigation between Anthropic and the government,\u201d Bullock said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some have also noted tension between the Pentagon\u2019s warning that it could designate Anthropic as a supply chain risk while also indicating that its products are so important to national defense that it needs to invoke the DPA \u2014 two assertions that seem at odds with each other.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThere are a lot of forces that I think the administration\u2019s counting on that would lead Anthropic to just give in on Friday and agree with its terms,\u201d Dodge said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

If there\u2019s future litigation over a potential DPA order, Dodge doesn\u2019t expect the government to prevail because \u201cit seems very out of bounds under the text of the law.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But if the administration is successful, or Anthropic simply agrees to new terms, that could open up \u201ca Pandora\u2019s box of what the government could do to assert power and control over private companies,\u201d he added.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei repeatedly has made clear his ethical concerns about unchecked government use of AI. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":110236,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-nofollow":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_acf":"","_yoast_wpseo_primary_category":35,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","_smg_distribution_targets":[]},"categories":[35,31],"tags":[],"coauthors":[7359],"class_list":["post-31862","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-defense","category-home"],"acf":{"subheadline":"","legacy_arc_id":"KX2IMQVPCVHPLA5JO7H7BZ4CDA","arc_canonical_url":"\/news\/your-military\/2026\/02\/26\/what-to-know-about-defense-protection-act-and-the-pentagons-anthropic-ultimatum\/","remove_feature_photo":false,"is_sponsored":false,"subtype":"","redirect_url":"","disable_inline_ads":false,"native_logo_pretext":"Presented 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